sp hybridization Related: Introduction to Organic Chemistry

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sp hybridization Related: Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Hybridization was introduced to explain molecular structure when the valence bond theory failed to correctly predict them. It is experimentally observed that bond angles in organic compounds are close to 109degree, 120degree, or 180degree. According to Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory, electron pairs repel each other and the bonds and lone pairs around a central atom are generally separated by the largest possible angles.

Hybridization is defined as the concept of mixing two atomic orbitals with the same energy levels to give a degenerated new type of orbitals.

sp Hybridization

1This type involves mixing of one ‘s’ orbital and one ‘p’ orbital of equal energy to give a new hybrid orbital known as an sp hybridized orbital.

2 The mixture of s and p orbital and the formed sp orbital is maintained at 1800.

Example of sp-hybridized is: BeCl2

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