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Choose the correct statement with respect to the vapour pressure of a liquid among the following.
  • a)
    Increases linearly with increasing temperature
  • b)
    Increases non-linearly with increasing temperature
  • c)
    Decreases linearly with increasing temperature
  • d)
    Decreases non-linearly with increasing temperature
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Choose the correct statement with respect to the vapour pressure of a ...
Vapour pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by the vapours above the liquid surface in equilibrium with the liquid at a given temperature. The vapour pressure of a liquid increases non-linearly with increasing temperature.
This is because kinetic energy is the function of temperature which means that as the temperature is increased, more molecules will have greater kinetic energies and thus they can escape from the surface of the liquid to the vapour phase resulting in higher vapour pressure.
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Choose the correct statement with respect to the vapour pressure of a ...
Introduction:
The vapor pressure of a liquid is the pressure exerted by its vapor when the liquid and its vapor are in equilibrium at a given temperature. It is an important property of liquids that determines their boiling points and evaporation rates. The relationship between vapor pressure and temperature is described by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.

Explanation:
The correct statement with respect to the vapor pressure of a liquid is option 'B', which states that vapor pressure increases non-linearly with increasing temperature. This means that as the temperature of a liquid increases, its vapor pressure also increases, but the rate of increase is not constant.

Reasoning:
1. The behavior of vapor pressure with temperature can be explained by the kinetic energy of the molecules in the liquid.
2. As the temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the molecules also increases.
3. This leads to an increase in the number of molecules with enough energy to escape the liquid phase and enter the vapor phase.
4. Consequently, the vapor pressure of the liquid increases as more molecules are able to escape into the vapor phase.
5. However, the relationship between vapor pressure and temperature is not linear because the kinetic energy distribution of molecules follows a Boltzmann distribution.
6. The Boltzmann distribution describes the distribution of molecular energies in a system and shows that the number of molecules with higher energy increases exponentially with temperature.
7. Therefore, as the temperature increases, the increase in vapor pressure becomes more significant due to the exponential increase in the number of molecules with enough energy to escape into the vapor phase.
8. This non-linear relationship between vapor pressure and temperature is accurately described by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which takes into account the enthalpy of vaporization and the temperature dependence of vapor pressure.

Conclusion:
In summary, the vapor pressure of a liquid increases non-linearly with increasing temperature. This is due to the exponential increase in the number of molecules with enough energy to escape into the vapor phase as the temperature increases. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation provides a mathematical description of this relationship and allows for the calculation of vapor pressure at different temperatures.
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Importance of high specific heat capacity of water for life Specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of that substance by 1 K. It is expressed in the units J/ (kg K). A high specific heat of a substance means that a large amount of heat is required to raise the temperature of the substance. Water has the highest known specific heat capacity. Its specific heat capacity is 4.186 K J/ (kg K) i.e. to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 Kelvin it requires 4.186 KJ of heat. For comparison sake, Copper requires only 385 Joules of heat to raise 1 kilogram of copper by 1 Kelvin. It also interesting to know that the specific heat capacities in two other phases of water (i.e. ice and water vapour) are less than this. High specific heat of water is mainly due to the presence of a large number of hydrogen bonds between molecules of water. On a beach on a sunny day, it is noticed that the sand is often quite hot to walk on, but the water is always cool, even in the shallows. This is because sand has a lower specific heat capacity than that of water. Sand takes less energy to raise the temperature by one degree. Because water has a high specific heat capacity, it requires more energy to raise the temperature by one degree. Since the sun puts same rate of energy on water and sand, which heats up sand more quickly and water more slowly. Water covers around 70% of the Earth's surface and its high specific heat plays a very important role to sustain life in the earth. It is able to absorb a lot of heat without a significant rise in the temperature. When temperatures decrease, the heat which is stored is released, restraining a rapid drop in temperature. The combined effect is the buffering of heat. A relatively constant temperature without sudden rise and drop is essential to sustain life. Hence water is important for life.Q. Which statement is false?

Importance of high specific heat capacity of water for life Specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of that substance by 1 K. It is expressed in the units J/ (kg K). A high specific heat of a substance means that a large amount of heat is required to raise the temperature of the substance. Water has the highest known specific heat capacity. Its specific heat capacity is 4.186 K J/ (kg K) i.e. to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 Kelvin it requires 4.186 KJ of heat. For comparison sake, Copper requires only 385 Joules of heat to raise 1 kilogram of copper by 1 Kelvin. It also interesting to know that the specific heat capacities in two other phases of water (i.e. ice and water vapour) are less than this. High specific heat of water is mainly due to the presence of a large number of hydrogen bonds between molecules of water. On a beach on a sunny day, it is noticed that the sand is often quite hot to walk on, but the water is always cool, even in the shallows. This is because sand has a lower specific heat capacity than that of water. Sand takes less energy to raise the temperature by one degree. Because water has a high specific heat capacity, it requires more energy to raise the temperature by one degree. Since the sun puts same rate of energy on water and sand, which heats up sand more quickly and water more slowly. Water covers around 70% of the Earth's surface and its high specific heat plays a very important role to sustain life in the earth. It is able to absorb a lot of heat without a significant rise in the temperature. When temperatures decrease, the heat which is stored is released, restraining a rapid drop in temperature. The combined effect is the buffering of heat. A relatively constant temperature without sudden rise and drop is essential to sustain life. Hence water is important for life.Q. Specific heat capacity of water is

Importance of high specific heat capacity of water for life Specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of that substance by 1 K. It is expressed in the units J/ (kg K). A high specific heat of a substance means that a large amount of heat is required to raise the temperature of the substance. Water has the highest known specific heat capacity. Its specific heat capacity is 4.186 K J/ (kg K) i.e. to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 Kelvin it requires 4.186 KJ of heat. For comparison sake, Copper requires only 385 Joules of heat to raise 1 kilogram of copper by 1 Kelvin. It also interesting to know that the specific heat capacities in two other phases of water (i.e. ice and water vapour) are less than this. High specific heat of water is mainly due to the presence of a large number of hydrogen bonds between molecules of water. On a beach on a sunny day, it is noticed that the sand is often quite hot to walk on, but the water is always cool, even in the shallows. This is because sand has a lower specific heat capacity than that of water. Sand takes less energy to raise the temperature by one degree. Because water has a high specific heat capacity, it requires more energy to raise the temperature by one degree. Since the sun puts same rate of energy on water and sand, which heats up sand more quickly and water more slowly. Water covers around 70% of the Earth's surface and its high specific heat plays a very important role to sustain life in the earth. It is able to absorb a lot of heat without a significant rise in the temperature. When temperatures decrease, the heat which is stored is released, restraining a rapid drop in temperature. The combined effect is the buffering of heat. A relatively constant temperature without sudden rise and drop is essential to sustain life. Hence water is important for life.Q. To raise the temperature of 1 kg of water and 1 kg of copper by 1 Kelvin, 4.186 KJ and 385 Joule of heat are required respectively. Which one will get heated up faster if exposed to sun?

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Choose the correct statement with respect to the vapour pressure of a liquid among the following.a)Increases linearly with increasing temperatureb)Increases non-linearly with increasing temperaturec)Decreases linearly with increasing temperatured)Decreases non-linearly with increasing temperatureCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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