One of the following properties increase with increase in temperature,...
Vapor pressure or equilibrium vapor pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases at a given temperature in a closed system. The equilibrium vapor pressure is an indication of a liquid's evaporation rate.
One of the following properties increase with increase in temperature,...
Properties that increase with an increase in temperature:
Explanation:
When the temperature of a substance increases, its kinetic energy also increases. This increase in kinetic energy leads to changes in various properties of the substance. Among the properties listed, vapour pressure is the one that increases with an increase in temperature.
Vapour Pressure:
Vapour pressure is the pressure exerted by the vapour phase of a substance when it is in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase. It is a measure of the tendency of a substance to evaporate. Vapour pressure increases with an increase in temperature because the kinetic energy of the particles increases with temperature. This increased kinetic energy allows more particles to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them in the liquid or solid phase and escape into the vapour phase. As a result, the vapour pressure increases.
When the temperature is increased, the average kinetic energy of the particles also increases. This increase in kinetic energy causes more particles to have enough energy to escape from the liquid or solid phase into the gas phase, resulting in an increase in vapour pressure.
Other properties:
On the other hand, the properties of viscosity, surface tension, and density do not necessarily increase with an increase in temperature.
Viscosity:
Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. In general, the viscosity of a substance decreases with an increase in temperature. This is because an increase in temperature causes the particles of the substance to move faster, which reduces the intermolecular forces and allows the substance to flow more easily.
Surface Tension:
Surface tension is the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and tends to minimize its surface area. The surface tension of a substance generally decreases with an increase in temperature. This is because an increase in temperature causes the particles in the liquid to move faster, which weakens the intermolecular forces at the surface and reduces the surface tension.
Density:
Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance. The density of a substance may increase or decrease with an increase in temperature, depending on the substance. In general, most substances expand when heated, causing their density to decrease. However, there are exceptions to this general trend, such as water, which exhibits anomalous behavior and has a maximum density at 4°C.
In summary, while viscosity, surface tension, and density may change with temperature, it is the vapour pressure that increases with an increase in temperature.