Column Chromatography:
Column chromatography is a common separation technique used in chemistry to separate and purify mixtures of compounds. It involves passing a mixture through a column filled with an adsorbent material, which selectively adsorbs different components of the mixture based on their chemical properties and interactions with the adsorbent.

Principle of Column Chromatography:
Column chromatography is based on the principle of differential adsorption. The adsorbent material, commonly silica gel or alumina, is packed into a glass column. The mixture to be separated is then loaded onto the top of the column. As the solvent (or mobile phase) is passed through the column, it carries the components of the mixture down the column at different rates. This differential rate of movement is due to the varying affinities of the components for the adsorbent material.

Adsorption Chromatography:
Adsorption chromatography is a type of chromatography that relies on the adsorption of solute molecules onto a solid stationary phase. Column chromatography is a specific type of adsorption chromatography where the stationary phase is packed into a column.

Partition Chromatography:
Partition chromatography is a type of chromatography that relies on the differential partitioning of solute molecules between two immiscible phases. It is not the correct answer for this question.

Thin Layer Chromatography:
Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is another type of chromatography that involves the separation of components on a thin layer of adsorbent material coated onto a flat surface, such as a glass plate or a plastic sheet.

Conclusion:
Based on the given options, the correct answer for the separation of mixture into a column of adsorbent is column chromatography (option A). This technique involves the use of a column packed with an adsorbent material to separate and purify mixtures based on differential adsorption.