Banking of Road: Why is it Necessary?

Introduction
Banking of road refers to the inward slope of the road surface towards the center of the curve. It is necessary in certain situations to ensure safe and efficient transportation. Let us delve into the details of why banking of road is necessary.

1. Centripetal Force
When a vehicle moves around a curved path, a centripetal force is required to keep it on the road. Banking of road helps in the generation of this force by providing a component of the vehicle's weight in the inward direction. This force prevents the vehicle from skidding or sliding off the road while negotiating a curve.

2. Friction
Friction between the tires of a vehicle and the road surface plays a crucial role in maintaining control and stability. By providing the necessary banking, the friction force between the tires and the road increases, enabling better traction. This allows vehicles to safely navigate curves without losing control.

3. Speed
Banking of road facilitates higher speeds when traversing curves. When a road is banked, the vehicle experiences a natural inclination to follow the curve, reducing the reliance on steering input. This allows drivers to maintain higher speeds while ensuring safety and stability.

4. Rainwater Drainage
Roads that are properly banked also aid in the efficient drainage of rainwater. The inward slope helps to direct water towards the side of the road, preventing the formation of puddles or waterlogging. This improves visibility and reduces the risk of hydroplaning, enhancing the overall safety of the road.

5. Safety
One of the main reasons for the necessity of road banking is safety. Properly banked roads reduce the chances of accidents by providing better control and stability to vehicles. They ensure that vehicles stay on the road while negotiating curves, minimizing the risk of skidding or rollovers.

Conclusion
Banking of road is a crucial aspect of road design that ensures safe and efficient transportation. It provides the necessary centripetal force, increases friction, allows for higher speeds, aids in rainwater drainage, and enhances overall safety. By implementing road banking techniques, authorities can create roadways that promote smooth and secure travel for motorists.