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Which statement describes coagulation value?
  • a)
    Maximum amount (in millimoles) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one kilo gram of colloidal solution
  • b)
    Minimum amount (in kg) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one litre colloidal solution
  • c)
    Maximum amount (in millimoles) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one litre colloidal solution
  • d)
    Minimum amount (in millimoles) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one litre colloidal solution
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which statement describes coagulation value?a)Maximum amount (in milli...
The correct answer is option D: the coagulation value is the minimum amount (in millimoles) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one liter of colloidal solution.

Coagulation refers to the process of clumping together or aggregation of colloidal particles to form larger particles, which eventually settle down. This process is influenced by the presence of electrolytes in the solution. When the concentration of electrolytes exceeds a certain value, it leads to the destabilization of the colloidal particles and their subsequent coagulation.

To determine the coagulation value, we need to find the minimum amount of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in a given volume of colloidal solution. This value is usually expressed in terms of millimoles (mmol) of electrolyte per liter (L) of solution.

Explanation:
1. Coagulation: Explain the process of coagulation and its significance in colloidal systems.
- Coagulation is the process of clumping together or aggregation of colloidal particles, resulting in their precipitation or settling down. It is an important phenomenon in colloidal systems as it affects their stability and behavior.
- Coagulation can be induced by various factors, including the addition of electrolytes, change in pH, and temperature.

2. Coagulation Value: Define the coagulation value and its significance.
- The coagulation value represents the minimum concentration of electrolytes required to cause complete coagulation in a given volume of colloidal solution.
- It serves as a measure of the stability of the colloidal system. Lower coagulation values indicate a higher stability of the colloidal solution, as it requires a smaller amount of electrolyte to induce coagulation.

3. Measurement: Explain how the coagulation value is measured and expressed.
- The coagulation value is typically expressed in terms of millimoles (mmol) of electrolyte per liter (L) of colloidal solution.
- To determine the coagulation value, a series of experiments are conducted where varying concentrations of the electrolyte are added to the colloidal solution.
- The minimum concentration of electrolyte that results in complete coagulation is then identified as the coagulation value.

4. Significance: Discuss the significance of the coagulation value in practical applications.
- The coagulation value helps in understanding the stability and behavior of colloidal systems.
- It is particularly important in industries such as wastewater treatment, where coagulation is used as a method to remove colloidal particles and impurities from water.
- By knowing the coagulation value, appropriate amounts of electrolytes can be added to achieve efficient coagulation and purification of water.

In conclusion, the coagulation value represents the minimum amount (in millimoles) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one liter of colloidal solution. It is a measure of the stability of the colloidal system and plays a significant role in various practical applications, including water treatment.
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Which statement describes coagulation value?a)Maximum amount (in milli...
The correct answer is option D
The coagulation of a colloidal solution by an electrolyte does not take place until the added electrolyte has certain minimum concentration in the solution. The minimum concentration of an electrolyte in millimoles per litre required to cause precipitation of a sol in two hours is called coagulating value. The smaller the quantity needed, the higher will be the coagulating power of an ion.
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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:Some colloids are stable by their nature, i.e., gels, alloys, and solid foams. Gelatin and jellies are two common examples of a gel. The solid and liquid phases in a gel are interspersed with both phases being continuous. In most systems, the major factor influencing the stability is the charge on the colloidal particles. If a particular ion is preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the particles, the particles in suspension will repel each other, thereby preventing the formation of aggregates that are larger than colloidal dimensions. The ion can be either positive or negative depending on the particular colloidal system, i.e., air bubbles accumulate negative ions, sulphur particles have a net negative charge in a sulphur sol, and the particles in a metal hydroxide sol are positively charged. Accumulation of charge on a surface is not an unusual phenomenon-dust is attracted to furniture surfaces by electrostatic forces. When salts are added to lyophobic colloidal systems the colloidal particles begin to form larger aggregates and a sediment forms as they settle. This phenomenon is called flocculation, and the suspension can be referred to as flocculated, or colloidally unstable. If the salt is removed, the suspension can usually be restored to its original state; this process is called deflocculation or peptization. The original and restored colloidal systems are called deflocculated, peptized, or stable sols. Why does a small amount of salt have such a dramatic effect on the stability of a lyophobic colloidal system? The answer lies in an understanding of the attractive and repulsive forces that exist between colloidal particles. Van der Waals forces are responsible for the attractions, while the repulsive forces are due to the surface charge on the particles. In a stable colloid, the repulsive forces are of greater magnitude than the attractive forces. The magnitude of the electrical repulsion is diminished by addition of ionized salt, which allows the dispersed particles to aggregate and flocculate. River deltas provide an example of this behaviour. A delta is formed at the mouth of a river because the colloidal clay particles are flocculated when the freshwater mixes with the salt water of the oceanQ. Colloidal solutions are stable due to

Which statement describes coagulation value?a)Maximum amount (in millimoles) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one kilo gram of colloidal solutionb)Minimum amount (in kg) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one litre colloidal solutionc)Maximum amount (in millimoles) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one litre colloidal solutiond)Minimum amount (in millimoles) of electrolyte required to cause complete coagulation in one litre colloidal solutionCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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