Which of the following components form an ideal solution?a)Ethyl alcohol and benzeneb)Acetone and anilinec)Water and nitric acidd)Benzene and tolueneCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

The correct answer is option D
The solutions which obey Raoult's law over the entire range of concentration are known as ideal solutions.
For ideal solution, the enthalpy of mixing of the pure components to form the solution is zero and the volume of mixing is also zero, i.e.,
△_mixH=0 and △_mixV=0
Thus, this type of solution is a solution of benzene and toluene.

Answer

Because same homologous series forms ideal solution

Answer

Because benzene and toluene don't show any positive or negative deviation.
Their masses are nearly the same.

Answer

Benzene and toluene as they are nearly similar in many aspects

Answer

The correct answer is option D
The solutions which obey Raoult's law over the entire range of concentration are known as ideal solutions.
For ideal solution, the enthalpy of mixing of the pure components to form the solution is zero and the volume of mixing is also zero, i.e.,
△_mixH=0 and △_mixV=0
Thus, this type of solution is a solution of benzene and toluene.

Answer

Ideal solutions are formed when the components of the solution exhibit similar intermolecular forces and have similar molecular sizes. In an ideal solution, the interactions between the solute and solvent particles are similar to the interactions between the solvent particles themselves. Let's analyze each option to determine which one forms an ideal solution.

a) Ethyl alcohol and benzene:
Ethyl alcohol and benzene have different intermolecular forces. Ethyl alcohol has hydrogen bonding due to the presence of the hydroxyl group (-OH), while benzene has London dispersion forces. Additionally, the molecular sizes of ethyl alcohol and benzene are quite different. Therefore, ethyl alcohol and benzene do not form an ideal solution.

b) Acetone and aniline:
Acetone and aniline also have different intermolecular forces. Acetone has dipole-dipole interactions due to the carbonyl group, while aniline has hydrogen bonding due to the amino group (-NH2). The molecular sizes of acetone and aniline are also different. Hence, acetone and aniline do not form an ideal solution.

c) Water and nitric acid:
Water and nitric acid have different intermolecular forces. Water has hydrogen bonding, while nitric acid also has hydrogen bonding along with dipole-dipole interactions. The molecular sizes of water and nitric acid are also different. Therefore, water and nitric acid do not form an ideal solution.

d) Benzene and toluene:
Benzene and toluene have similar intermolecular forces, as both compounds exhibit London dispersion forces. The molecular sizes of benzene and toluene are also similar. These similarities in intermolecular forces and molecular sizes make benzene and toluene an example of an ideal solution.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D' - Benzene and toluene. They form an ideal solution because they have similar intermolecular forces (London dispersion forces) and similar molecular sizes.

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