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Hydrophilic colloids are stable due to
  • a)
    Small size of particles
  • b)
    Large size of particles
  • c)
    Layer of dispersion medium on their particles
  • d)
    Negative charged particles
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Hydrophilic colloids are stable due toa)Small size of particlesb)Large...
Hydrophilic colloids: These are water-loving colloids.The colloid particles are attracted toward water. They are also called reversible sols.The stability of a colloidal system is the capability of the system to remain as it is. Stability is hindered by aggregation and sedimentation phenomena, which are driven by the colloids tendency to reduce surface energy.
Hydrophillic colloids are stable due to layer of dispersion medium on their particles
 
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Hydrophilic colloids are stable due toa)Small size of particlesb)Large...
Hydrophilic colloids are stable due to the layer of dispersion medium on their particles. This layer, called the adsorbed layer, plays a crucial role in preventing the aggregation or coagulation of the colloidal particles. Let's explore this concept in more detail:

1. Dispersion medium:
The dispersion medium is the liquid or gas in which the colloidal particles are dispersed. In the case of hydrophilic colloids, the dispersion medium is water. Water molecules surround the colloidal particles and form a layer around them.

2. Adsorption:
When hydrophilic colloidal particles are dispersed in water, they attract water molecules due to their hydrophilic nature. This attraction leads to the adsorption of water molecules on the surface of the colloidal particles. The water molecules form a layer around the particles, known as the adsorbed layer.

3. Stabilization mechanism:
The presence of the adsorbed layer provides stability to the hydrophilic colloids. It prevents the particles from coming into direct contact with each other and forming aggregates or clumps. The adsorbed layer acts as a barrier and repels other particles, maintaining the dispersion of the colloidal system.

4. Electrostatic repulsion:
Another important factor contributing to the stability of hydrophilic colloids is the presence of negative charges on the particles. These negative charges arise from the dissociation of functional groups on the surface of the colloidal particles. The negatively charged particles repel each other, preventing their aggregation.

5. Brownian motion:
The random motion of the dispersed particles, known as Brownian motion, also aids in stabilizing hydrophilic colloids. The constant motion of particles due to collisions with the surrounding solvent prevents them from settling down and forming aggregates.

In summary, hydrophilic colloids are stable due to the adsorbed layer of dispersion medium on their particles. This layer prevents the particles from aggregating by creating a barrier and repelling other particles. Additionally, the presence of negative charges on the particles and the Brownian motion contribute to the stability of hydrophilic colloids.
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Hydrophilic colloids are stable due toa)Small size of particlesb)Large...
This makes the colloid stable.
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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:Some colloids are stable by their nature, i.e., gels, alloys, and solid foams. Gelatin and jellies are two common examples of a gel. The solid and liquid phases in a gel are interspersed with both phases being continuous. In most systems, the major factor influencing the stability is the charge on the colloidal particles. If a particular ion is preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the particles, the particles in suspension will repel each other, thereby preventing the formation of aggregates that are larger than colloidal dimensions. The ion can be either positive or negative depending on the particular colloidal system, i.e., air bubbles accumulate negative ions, sulphur particles have a net negative charge in a sulphur sol, and the particles in a metal hydroxide sol are positively charged. Accumulation of charge on a surface is not an unusual phenomenon-dust is attracted to furniture surfaces by electrostatic forces. When salts are added to lyophobic colloidal systems the colloidal particles begin to form larger aggregates and a sediment forms as they settle. This phenomenon is called flocculation, and the suspension can be referred to as flocculated, or colloidally unstable. If the salt is removed, the suspension can usually be restored to its original state; this process is called deflocculation or peptization. The original and restored colloidal systems are called deflocculated, peptized, or stable sols. Why does a small amount of salt have such a dramatic effect on the stability of a lyophobic colloidal system? The answer lies in an understanding of the attractive and repulsive forces that exist between colloidal particles. Van der Waals forces are responsible for the attractions, while the repulsive forces are due to the surface charge on the particles. In a stable colloid, the repulsive forces are of greater magnitude than the attractive forces. The magnitude of the electrical repulsion is diminished by addition of ionized salt, which allows the dispersed particles to aggregate and flocculate. River deltas provide an example of this behaviour. A delta is formed at the mouth of a river because the colloidal clay particles are flocculated when the freshwater mixes with the salt water of the oceanQ. Colloidal solutions are stable due to

A cyclotron is a kind of particle accelerator invented by Ernest O. Lawrence at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1929–1930, and patented in 1932. A cyclotron accelerates charged particles along a spiral path outward from the center. The particles are guided by a static magnetic field to a spiral trajectory, and accelerated by a rapidly changing electric field (radio frequency). For this invention Lawrence received the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physics.Cyclotrons were the most efficient particle accelerator equipment until the 1950s, when the synchrotron replaced them, and are now used in science and nuclear medicine to generate particle beams.This will toss the particle out of resonance with the oscillating field which means that when the particle reaches the hole between the dees, the extremity of the dees won't change. Thus, the particle won't be accelerated further.So, Cyclotron isn't reasonable for accelerating electrons. Because of the small mass, the speed of electrons increments quickly. Similarly, because of fast relativistic variation in their mass, the electrons escape step with the oscillating electric field.Hence, option A is the correct option.

Hydrophilic colloids are stable due toa)Small size of particlesb)Large size of particlesc)Layer of dispersion medium on their particlesd)Negative charged particlesCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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