Chapter 8 - Asoka, The Emperor who Gave Up War (Overview)

Asoka, also known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor who ruled the Mauryan Empire from 268 to 232 BCE. He is considered one of the greatest rulers in Indian history due to his contributions to the spread of Buddhism and his efforts to promote peace and social welfare.

When was Ashoka born?

Ashoka was born in 304 BCE in Pataliputra, which is present-day Patna in Bihar, India. He was the son of Emperor Bindusara and Queen Dharma. Ashoka was the grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Mauryan Empire.

The Early Life of Ashoka

During his early life, Ashoka was known as "Ashoka the Fierce" due to his aggressive nature and military skills. He was appointed as the governor of Avanti by his father, Bindusara, at a young age. Ashoka proved to be a skilled administrator and successfully suppressed rebellions in the region.

Conversion to Buddhism

Ashoka's life took a significant turn after the bloody Kalinga War in 261 BCE. Witnessing the immense suffering and loss of life, Ashoka experienced a change of heart. He renounced violence and embraced Buddhism, becoming a devout follower of the religion.

The Reign of Ashoka

After his conversion, Ashoka adopted a policy of Dhamma, which aimed at promoting moral and ethical conduct among his subjects. He implemented various measures to ensure the welfare and happiness of his people. Ashoka built hospitals, veterinary clinics, and rest houses along major trade routes to provide medical care and support to the needy.

The Spread of Buddhism

Ashoka played a crucial role in spreading Buddhism beyond India's borders. He sent missionaries to various parts of the world, including Sri Lanka, Nepal, and even as far as Egypt and Greece. Ashoka's efforts contributed to the global recognition and acceptance of Buddhism.

Legacy of Ashoka

Ashoka's rule is remembered as a golden age in Indian history. His emphasis on non-violence, religious tolerance, and social welfare left a lasting impact on the country. Ashoka's edicts, inscribed on pillars and rocks, provide valuable insights into his policies and beliefs.

In Conclusion

Ashoka was born in 304 BCE and went on to become one of the greatest emperors in Indian history. His conversion to Buddhism and subsequent efforts to promote peace and welfare have made him an iconic figure. Ashoka's legacy continues to inspire people around the world even today.

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