Introduction:
During the 18th century, France was ruled by the Bourbon Dynasty, which was also known as the House of Bourbon. This dynasty ruled France from 1589 to 1792, and then again from 1814 to 1830.

The Bourbon Dynasty:
The Bourbon Dynasty was a powerful royal family in Europe that originated in France. The dynasty produced many kings, including Louis XIV, who was known as the Sun King, and Louis XVI, who was the last king of France before the French Revolution.

King Louis XV:
During the 18th century, France was ruled by King Louis XV, who was the great-grandson of Louis XIV. He became king at the age of five and ruled for over fifty years. During his reign, France experienced a period of prosperity and economic growth. However, he was criticized for his lack of leadership and his involvement in numerous scandals.

The Enlightenment:
During the 18th century, France was impacted by the Enlightenment, which was a cultural and intellectual movement that emphasized reason, science, and individualism. This movement had a significant impact on French society, and many Enlightenment thinkers, such as Voltaire and Rousseau, criticized the monarchy and called for political and social reforms.

The French Revolution:
The Bourbon Dynasty came to an end with the French Revolution, which began in 1789. The revolution was a period of political and social upheaval in France, and it led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic. Louis XVI and his wife, Queen Marie Antoinette, were executed during the revolution.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the Bourbon Dynasty ruled France during the 18th century, and King Louis XV was the king during this time. France was impacted by the Enlightenment, which led to the French Revolution and the overthrow of the monarchy.