RPSC RAS (Rajasthan) Exam  >  RPSC RAS (Rajasthan) Notes  >  RAS RPSC Prelims Preparation - Notes, Study Material & Tests  >  1. Extraction Process for various Elements; Elements/Compounds and their Uses, Civil Services

1. Extraction Process for various Elements; Elements/Compounds and their Uses, Civil Services | RAS RPSC Prelims Preparation - Notes, Study Material & Tests - RPSC RAS (Rajasthan) PDF Download

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Extraction Process for various Elements

1.

Frasch Process

Sulphur

2.

Acheson process

Graphite

3.

Hall Herault

Aluminium

4.

Ostwald process

Nitric acid

5.

Bayer process

Extraction of Aluminium from ore

6.

Bessemer process

Steel from molten pig iron

7.

Patio process

Silver

8.

Dow process

Bromine

9.

Pidgeion process

Magnesium

10.

Fischer Tropsch process

Gasoline

11.

Azeotropic distillation

Absolute alcohol

 

 

 

Elements/Compounds & Their Uses

1.

Xenon

High speed photographic tubes. Electric valves & t.v. tubes

2.

Krypton

Incandescent bulb. Airfield lights because of characteristic red colour.

3.

Lithium

Deoxidizer and to remove unwanted gases during the manufacture of metals.

4.

Beryllium

X-ray (transparent) window. Moderator in nuclear reactions around the core.

5.

Neon

Neon lights. Cryogenics

6.

Hopsalite

Mixture of oxides of manganese, cobalt, copper & silver – Anti pollution

7.

Ammonia

Refrigerant, fertilizers

8.

Yttrium

Used in TVs to produce red colour

9.

Bismuth

Joined with iron to make it malleable

10.

Sodium

Street lamp

11.

Gadolinium

CDs. Aluminium is sometimes used to coat the disc.

12.

Cesium

Atomic clocks

13.

Tellurium

Tint glass (one way visibility used in cars).

14.

Technetium

Superconductor at -262 degree Celsius.

15.

Paraformaldehyde

Common disinfectant & contraceptives

16.

Potassium Dichromate

Used in breath analyzer for detecting alcohol. Safe limit is < .1 %.

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FAQs on 1. Extraction Process for various Elements; Elements/Compounds and their Uses, Civil Services - RAS RPSC Prelims Preparation - Notes, Study Material & Tests - RPSC RAS (Rajasthan)

1. What is the extraction process for various elements?
Ans. The extraction process for various elements involves different techniques depending on the element's properties. For example, the extraction of metals like iron and copper involves smelting, where the ore is heated in a furnace to remove impurities and obtain the pure metal. On the other hand, non-metallic elements like oxygen and nitrogen can be extracted through fractional distillation or by using chemical reactions. Overall, the extraction process varies for each element based on its physical and chemical properties.
2. What are some commonly extracted elements and compounds, and what are their uses?
Ans. Some commonly extracted elements and compounds include iron, copper, aluminum, gold, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur. These elements and compounds have various uses. For instance, iron is widely used in construction and manufacturing, copper is utilized in electrical wiring and electronics, aluminum is used in the production of aircraft and packaging materials, gold has applications in jewelry and electronics, oxygen is essential for respiration and combustion, nitrogen finds use in fertilizers and industrial processes, carbon dioxide is used in carbonation for beverages and as a coolant, and sulfur is utilized in the production of fertilizers and chemicals.
3. How does the extraction process differ for metallic and non-metallic elements?
Ans. The extraction process for metallic and non-metallic elements differs mainly due to their contrasting properties. Metallic elements, such as iron and copper, are usually extracted through smelting, which involves heating the ore in a furnace to separate the impurities and obtain the pure metal. In contrast, non-metallic elements like oxygen and nitrogen can be extracted through fractional distillation, where gases are separated based on their boiling points. Additionally, non-metallic elements may also be obtained through chemical reactions, such as the electrolysis of water to obtain hydrogen and oxygen.
4. What are the challenges faced in the extraction process for certain elements?
Ans. The extraction process for certain elements can pose several challenges. One common challenge is the presence of impurities in the ore, which need to be removed to obtain the desired element or compound. Another challenge can be the high energy requirements for the extraction process, especially for elements that are highly reactive or have a high melting point. Additionally, environmental concerns regarding the extraction process, such as the release of harmful gases or the generation of toxic waste, also need to be addressed. These challenges require innovative approaches and technologies to ensure efficient and sustainable extraction.
5. How does the extraction of elements contribute to various industries and everyday life?
Ans. The extraction of elements plays a crucial role in various industries and everyday life. Metals like iron, copper, and aluminum are essential for construction, manufacturing, and transportation industries. Non-metallic elements like oxygen and nitrogen are used in medical, industrial, and scientific applications. Compounds like carbon dioxide find use in carbonation for beverages, while sulfur is vital for the production of fertilizers and chemicals. Overall, the extraction of elements ensures the availability of raw materials for industries and enables the development of technologies that enhance our everyday lives.

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