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FAQs on Irodov Solutions: Universal Gravitation (1.4) - Physics Class 12

1. What is universal gravitation?
Ans. Universal gravitation is a fundamental force in nature that describes the attraction between any two objects with mass. It states that every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
2. How is universal gravitation related to Newton's law of gravitation?
Ans. Universal gravitation is based on Newton's law of gravitation, which states that the gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. Newton's law of gravitation is a specific application of the concept of universal gravitation.
3. Can you provide an example of universal gravitation in everyday life?
Ans. Yes, a common example of universal gravitation in everyday life is the attraction between the Earth and objects on its surface. When we drop an object, it falls to the ground due to the gravitational force exerted by the Earth. This force follows the principles of universal gravitation.
4. How does the distance between two objects affect the gravitational force between them?
Ans. According to universal gravitation, the gravitational force between two objects decreases as the distance between them increases. Specifically, the force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. This means that if the distance between two objects doubles, the gravitational force between them will decrease by a factor of four.
5. Is the force of gravity the same everywhere on Earth?
Ans. No, the force of gravity is not the same everywhere on Earth. It varies slightly depending on the location and altitude. The force of gravity is slightly stronger at the poles compared to the equator due to the Earth's shape and rotation. Additionally, it decreases with increasing altitude. These variations are relatively small and do not significantly affect everyday life.
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