Analytical Tips and Tricks for Government Exams

Theory

Analytical Reasoning test the analytical ability of a candidate. This section is one of the tricky sections of logical reasoning. Some of the important chapters of analytical reasoning are Statement and Argument, Statement and Assumption, Statement and Conclusion, Statement and Course of Action, Syllogism, Cause and Effects and so on.

Types

• Statement & Argument
  In this type of analytical reasoning, an argument is a statement or series of statements in which a certain point of view is put up, expressing different opinions for or against something. Argument is a very important part of analytical reasoning as all possible types of questions from analytical reasoning like inferences, assumptions, course of action, syllogism, etc. are in some way related to argumentation.
• Statement & Assumption
  In this type of analytical reasoning, an assumption is something that we take for granted, or we assume. In various government exams, candidates will be given some statements followed by some assumptions. By reading the given statements, candidates need to take the right decision. Here taking the right decision means selecting the correct assumption.
• Statement & Conclusion
  In this type of analytical reasoning, passage or statements will be given followed by some conclusions. Candidates need to take decisions based on these statements and select the correct conclusion from the given ones. Here, conclusion refers to the fact that can be truly inferred from the given statement. 
• Statement & Course of Action
  In this type of analytical reasoning, a situation will be given as a statement and some probable course of actions will be given in the context of that situation. Candidates will be asked to determine, which of them should be followed based on the given statement or event. The given course of action will be true if it does solve or reduce or minimize the problem and if it is a practical solution.
• Cause & Effect
  In this type of analytical reasoning, two statements will be provided, and candidates need to decide whether the statements given are independent causes or effects of independent cause, or is it simply a common cause. The necessary condition for an event to occur is a cause, which supplements an event to occur. For a cause to be valid, it must be either sufficient or necessary.
• Syllogism
  Syllogism is a part of logical reasoning, especially analytical reasoning. It consists of some statements, and candidates need to derive conclusions from the given statements. The statements and conclusions may seem to be illogical, but while solving questions related to syllogism, candidates must assume the given statements to be ioo% true.

Solved Examples

Direction: Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions. 
For a recruitment process in an organization, the candidates need to possess the following qualifications/criteria.
I. A graduate in science with atleast 60% marks.
II. An age of at least 25 years and not more than 40 years as on 01.08.2016
III. Have a post-qualification work experience of at least 2 years.
IV. Should have secured 55% marks in the selection procedure.
However, if the candidate fulfils the above mentioned criteria except
(A) at (I) and if the candidate is not a graduate in Science but has a post graduation degree with minimum of 60% marks, he/she should be referred to the HR Manager of the organization.
(B) at (III) and if the candidate fulfils all the eligibility criteria but of post-qualification work experience but has secured 75% of marks in the selection process, he/she may be referred to the Director of the organization Based on the above information study carefully whether the following candidates are eligible for the recruitment process and mark your answer. You are not to assume anything other than the information provided in each question.