NEET > Biology Class 12 > Antigens & Antibodies
Antigens & Antibodies Video Lecture - Biology Class 12 - NEET
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FAQs on Antigens & Antibodies Video Lecture - Biology Class 12 - NEET
| 1. What are antigens and antibodies? |  |
Ans. Antigens are substances that can stimulate an immune response in the body. They are usually foreign molecules, such as proteins or carbohydrates, that are recognized by the immune system as potential threats. Antibodies, on the other hand, are proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of antigens. They bind specifically to antigens, helping to neutralize or eliminate them from the body.
| 2. How do antigens and antibodies interact in the immune system? | |
Ans. When an antigen enters the body, it is recognized by specific antibodies that bind to it. This binding leads to the activation of various immune responses aimed at eliminating the antigen. The interaction between antigens and antibodies is highly specific, with each antibody being able to recognize and bind to a particular antigen. This specificity allows the immune system to target and neutralize different types of antigens.
| 3. What is the importance of antigens and antibodies in diagnosing diseases? | |
Ans. Antigens and antibodies play a crucial role in diagnosing diseases. They can be used as biomarkers to detect the presence of specific diseases or infections in the body. For example, in certain infectious diseases, the detection of specific antigens or antibodies in blood samples can confirm the presence of the pathogen. This information helps healthcare professionals to accurately diagnose and treat various diseases.
| 4. How are antigens and antibodies used in vaccination? | |
Ans. Vaccination involves the introduction of antigens into the body to stimulate an immune response. These antigens can be in the form of weakened or inactivated pathogens or specific parts of pathogens. When the antigens are introduced, the immune system produces antibodies against them, providing immunity against future infections. Vaccines can therefore prevent or reduce the severity of diseases by priming the immune system to recognize and respond to specific antigens.
| 5. Can antigens and antibodies be used in blood typing and organ transplantation? | |
Ans. Yes, antigens and antibodies are extensively used in blood typing and organ transplantation. In blood typing, specific antigens present on the surface of red blood cells determine an individual's blood type. Antibodies are used to detect and identify these antigens, which is crucial for safe blood transfusions. In organ transplantation, matching the antigens of the donor and recipient is essential to minimize the risk of rejection. Antibodies against donor antigens can be used to determine compatibility and ensure successful organ transplantation.
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