Table of contents | |
Behavior of Gases | |
Gas Laws | |
Boyle’s Law | |
Charles’ Law | |
Gay-Lussac’s Law | |
Avogadro’s Law | |
Standard Gas Equation |
There are five main states of matter: solid, liquid, gas, plasma, and Bose-Einstein condensate. Among these, gases are particularly interesting and their behavior is relatively easy to study. The behavior of gases is described by various laws known as the gas laws, which detail the relationships between temperature, pressure, volume, and other properties. Here's an overview of these laws:
In the periodic table, inert or noble gases are known for their low reactivity. Their behavior closely approximates that of an ideal gas, which has led to the formulation of the following gas laws based on experiments with these gases:
Charles’ Law states that at constant pressure, the volume (V) of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (T).
If V is the volume and T is the temperature of a gas at some constant pressure, then V ∝ T or V/T = constant. Following the same method as above, we can write:
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Gay-Lussac’s Law, also known as Regnault’s Law, asserts that at constant volume (V), the pressure (P) of a given amount of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (T). This relationship can be expressed as:
P1/T1 = P2/T2
Gases that follow all gas laws regardless of pressure and temperature are known as ideal gases or perfect gases. Inert gases behave similarly to ideal gases when subjected to high temperatures and very low pressures.
The equation of state for a perfect gas can be represented as:
PV = nRT
where:
None of the gases found in nature follow gas laws for all temperature and pressure values.
Real gases, also known as "real gases," behave differently from ideal gases due to two main reasons:
Therefore, equations for such gases require adjustments.
Real Gas Equation or Van der Waal's Gas Equation
The equation of state for real gases can be expressed as:
464 videos|571 docs|394 tests
|
1. What are the four gas laws that govern the behavior of gases? |
2. What is Boyle’s Law and how does it relate to the behavior of gases? |
3. How does Charles’ Law explain the behavior of gases? |
4. What does Gay-Lussac’s Law state and how does it impact the behavior of gases? |
5. How does Avogadro’s Law contribute to understanding the behavior of gases? |
|
Explore Courses for SSC CGL exam
|