Binary Number Systems Video Lecture | Analog and Digital Electronics - Electrical Engineering (EE)

in this video we are going to learn
about the binary number system in our
previous video we saw that it was
difficult to implement a decimal number
system in the computer why because it
was difficult to have ten different
signals for 10 different decimal digits
in a computer it is the easiest to vary
instructions in just two states either
the signal is there that is on or the
signal is not there which is off binary
number system does exactly that it
represents presence of an electric
signal with 1 and absence of an electric
signal with 0 0 and 1 are the two digits
of the binary number system which are
also called as bits now you must
remember that 0 actually does not mean
absence of the electric signal it just
means that the voltage of the electric
signal is lower than that of number one
the binary number system is again a
positional number system like a decimal
number system what does that essentially
means it means that whatever bit binary
digit we are using its value will depend
upon the position the position is again
calculated in the same way rightmost 2
to the power of 0 remember it's a binary
number system just 2 digits so 2 to the
power of 0 we proceed to ^ 1 2 and so on
just remember that the rightmost digit
is called the least significant bit it
might be 0 it might be 1 but it is
called the least significant bit and the
rightmost is called the most significant
bit or the MSB remember this has to be
always 1 because if it is 0 then
actually it doesn't mean anything if
instead of 1 this number was 0 then
actually it is number 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
would be the same now let's do a
calculation and see how we can depict a
decimal number system as a binary number
system
this is one one zero one zero to the
base of two this is a binary number
system how we can convert it into a
decimal number system that means to the
base of 10 we have to take each digit
each bit and multiply it by its
positional value so this is 0 this is 1
I am writing the positional value this
is 2 this is 3 and this is 4 so what I
will do here is 1 in 2 to the power of 4
plus 1 into 2 to the power of 3 plus 0
into 2 to the power of 2 this way I will
calculate and I get 26 to the base of 10
this is the decimal number that I get
computer memory is always calculated in
terms of bits or bytes
however bit or byte is a very small
quantity so we have the chart that
depicts that how we can calculate the
computer memory one byte is equal to 8
bits one kilobyte is equal to 1 0 to 4
bytes and similarly we will proceed till
we get to 1 yottabyte which is equal to
1 0 to 4 zettabyte
in this video we have seen and
understood what a binary number system
is in our next video we are going to
discuss about the octal number system