Transportation Class 2 Notes EVS

What is Transportation?

Transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. It helps us travel to different locations and carry items we need. There are various means of transport, which are different ways we can travel or move things around.

Different Modes of Transport

Means of Transport

Means of transport or modes of transport are the various ways by which people and goods can travel.

Let us look at a list of different means of transport: 

• Some common ways to travel on land include bullock carts, tongas (horse-drawn carriages), bicycles, scooters, motorcycles, jeeps, cars, buses, and trains. Each of these vehicles helps us get around on roads and highways.
• In the sky, we have air transport. This includes airplanes and helicopters. They can fly high up in the air and take us to faraway places quickly.
• And then there's water transport. This includes boats, ships, and ferries. They help us travel across oceans, rivers, and lakes.

So, whether we're on land, in the air, or on the water, transportation helps us get where we need to go!

(i) Land Transport

The transport that runs only on land is called land transport. This mode of transport is divided into two types: roadways and railways.

1. Road Transport

Roads are like wide paths made of solid ground. Cars, buses, and bicycles use these roads to travel. Just like how we walk on sidewalks, cars and buses drive on roads to take us to school, the park, or to visit our friends.  

Road Transport

• Trucks, buses, cars, bicycles, rickshaws, motorcycles, tongas, bullock-carts, etc., are means of roadways. 
• There is a large network of roads in our country.
  
  Different modes of land transport

2. Rail Transport

Railways are like long strips of metal tracks laid on the ground. Trains run on these tracks. 

• When we have to travel long distances within the country, we use railways. 
• Trains run on railway tracks. Indian Railways is one of the largest rail networks in the world.
  
  Different modes of rail transport

(ii) Water Transport

Water transport is a way of moving people or goods by water.

Water Transport

• It includes different types of vessels like boats, ships, and ferries. These vessels travel across oceans, rivers, lakes, and canals. 
• Water transport is important for trade, travel, and recreation. 
• It allows us to transport large quantities of goods over long distances efficiently and is often used for activities like fishing, tourism, and transportation of goods between countries.
  
  Different modes of water transport

(iii) Air Transport

Some means of transport move in the air only. Air travel is the most expensive but the fastest way to travel.

Air Transport

• Aeroplanes and helicopters are some common means of air transport.
• We can travel by an aeroplane, when we have to travel to another country or to another city.
• Airplanes, jet aircraft, helicopters, hot air balloons, blimps, gliders, hang gliders, parachutes, etc., are the means of air transport.

Different modes of air transport