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परिचय
इस अध्याय में विभिन्न संज्ञा, विशेषण एवं सर्वनाम शब्दों के रूपों (विभक्ति-रूप) का अध्ययन दिया गया है। संस्कृत में शब्दों के रूप लिंग (पुंलिंग, स्त्रीलिंग, नपुंसकलिंग), वचन (एकवचन, द्विवचन, बहुवचन) और विभक्ति के अनुसार बदलते हैं।
इस अध्याय का उद्देश्य विद्यार्थियों को विभिन्न शब्दरूपों के अभ्यास से संस्कृत भाषा की शुद्धता और प्रवीणता प्रदान करना है।
दधि — इकारान्तः नपुंसकलिङ्गः
- प्रथमा: दधि, दधिनी, दधीनि
- द्वितीया: दधि, दधिनी, दधीनि
- तृतीया: दधना, दधिभ्याम्, दधिभिः
- चतुर्थी: दध्ने, दधिभ्याम्, दधिभ्यः
- पञ्चमी: दध्नः, दधिभ्याम्, दधिभ्यः
- षष्ठी: दध्नः, दध्नयोः, दध्नाम्
- सप्तमी: दध्नि, दध्नयोः, दधिषु
- सम्बोधनम्: हे दधि, हे दधिनी, हे दधीनि
(अर्थ: दधि = दही)
वारि — इकारान्तः नपुंसकलिङ्गः
- प्रथमा: वारि, वारिणी, वारिणि
- द्वितीया: वारि, वारिणी, वारिणि
- तृतीया: वारिणा, वारिभ्याम्, वारिभिः
- चतुर्थी: वारिणे, वारिभ्याम्, वारिभ्यः
- पञ्चमी: वारिणः, वारिभ्याम्, वारिभ्यः
- षष्ठी: वारिणः, वारिणयोः, वारिणाम्
- सप्तमी: वारिणि, वारिणयोः, वारिषु
- सम्बोधनम्: हे वारि, हे वारिणी, हे वारिणि
(अर्थ: वारि = जल)
मणि — उकारान्तः नपुंसकलिङ्गः
- प्रथमा: मणि, मणिनी, मणीनि
- द्वितीया: मणि, मणिनी, मणीनि
- तृतीया: मणिना, मणिभ्याम्, मणिभिः
- चतुर्थी: मणिने, मणिभ्याम्, मणिभ्यः
- पञ्चमी: मणिनः, मणिभ्याम्, मणिभ्यः
- षष्ठी: मणिनः, मणिनोः, मणिनाम्
- सप्तमी: मणौ, मणिनोः, मणिषु
- सम्बोधनम्: हे मणि, हे मणिनी, हे मणीनि
(अर्थ: मणि = रत्न)
मरुत् — तकारान्तः पुंलिङ्गः
- प्रथमा: मरुत्, मरुतौ, मरुतः
- द्वितीया: मरुतम्, मरुतौ, मरुतः
- तृतीया: मरुता, मरुद्भ्याम्, मरुद्भिः
- चतुर्थी: मरुते, मरुद्भ्याम्, मरुद्भ्यः
- पञ्चमी: मरुतः, मरुद्भ्याम्, मरुद्भ्यः
- षष्ठी: मरुतः, मरुतोः, मरुताम्
- सप्तमी: मरुति, मरुतोः, मरुत्सु
- सम्बोधनम्: हे मरुत्, हे मरुतौ, हे मरुतः
(अर्थ: मरुत् = वायु)
राजन् — नकारान्तः पुंलिङ्गः
- प्रथमा: राजन्, राजानौ, राजानः
- द्वितीया: राजानम्, राजानौ, राजानः
- तृतीया: राज्ञा, राजभ्याम्, राजभिः
- चतुर्थी: राज्ञे, राजभ्याम्, राजभ्यः
- पञ्चमी: राज्ञः, राजभ्याम्, राजभ्यः
- षष्ठी: राज्ञः, राज्ञोः, राज्ञाम्
- सप्तमी: राज्ञि, राज्ञोः, राजसु
- सम्बोधनम्: हे राजन्, हे राजानौ, हे राजानः
(अर्थ: राजन् = राजा)
आत्मन् — नकारान्तः पुंलिङ्गः
- प्रथमा: आत्मा, आत्मानौ, आत्मानः
- द्वितीया: आत्मानम्, आत्मानौ, आत्मानः
- तृतीया: आत्मना, आत्मभ्याम्, आत्मभिः
- चतुर्थी: आत्मने, आत्मभ्याम्, आत्मभ्यः
- पञ्चमी: आत्मनः, आत्मभ्याम्, आत्मभ्यः
- षष्ठी: आत्मनः, आत्मनोः, आत्मनाम्
- सप्तमी: आत्मनि, आत्मनोः, आत्मसु
- सम्बोधनम्: हे आत्मन्, हे आत्मानौ, हे आत्मानः
(अर्थ: आत्मन् = आत्मा)
शब्दरूप — सर्वनाम शब्द
भवन् (पुंलिङ्गः)
भवन्, भवानौ, भवतः इत्यादि रूपाणि।
भवती (स्त्रीलिङ्गः)
भवती, भवत्यौ, भवत्यः इत्यादि रूपाणि।
विशेष सर्वनाम
- यद् (पुंलिंग, स्त्रीलिंग, नपुंसकलिंग)
- इदम् (पुंलिंग, स्त्रीलिंग, नपुंसकलिंग)
- कीदृश (पुंलिंग, स्त्रीलिंग, नपुंसकलिंग)
इनके सभी रूप अध्याय में तालिका सहित विस्तार से दिये गये हैं।
संख्यावाचक शब्दरूप
- एकः, एका, एकम् (अकारान्त संख्यावाची)
- द्वौ, द्वे, द्वे (इकारान्त संख्यावाची)
- त्रयः, तिस्रः, त्रीणि
- चत्वारः, चतस्रः, चत्वारि
(अर्थ: एक, दो, तीन, चार के रूप)
The document शब्दरूपाणि Chapter Notes | Chapter Notes For Class 8 is a part of the Class 8 Course Chapter Notes For Class 8.
All you need of Class 8 at this link: Class 8
FAQs on शब्दरूपाणि Chapter Notes - Chapter Notes For Class 8
| 1. दधि, वारि, मणि, मरुत्, राजन्, और आत्मन् के लिंग और रूप क्या हैं? |  |
Ans. दधि, वारि, और मणि नपुंसकलिङ्ग के शब्द हैं, जिनका अंत क्रमशः इकारान्त और उकारान्त में होता है। मरुत्, राजन्, और आत्मन् पुंलिङ्ग के शब्द हैं, जिनका अंत तकारान्त और नकारान्त में होता है।
| 2. शब्दरूप क्या है और इसके प्रकार कौन-कौन से हैं? | |
Ans. शब्दरूप वह रूप है जिसमें शब्दों का निर्माण और उनका वर्गीकरण होता है। इसके प्रकारों में सर्वनाम शब्द, विशेष सर्वनाम, और संख्यावाचक शब्द शामिल हैं।
| 3. विशेष सर्वनाम का क्या अभिप्राय है? | |
Ans. विशेष सर्वनाम वह शब्द होते हैं जो किसी विशेष व्यक्ति, वस्तु या स्थान का संकेत करते हैं। ये सर्वनाम विशेषता को दर्शाते हैं और सामान्य सर्वनाम से भिन्न होते हैं।
| 4. संख्यावाचक शब्द का महत्व क्या है? | |
Ans. संख्यावाचक शब्द उन शब्दों को कहते हैं जो संख्या या मात्रा को व्यक्त करते हैं। ये शब्द गणना, मापन और विभिन्न विषयों में अनुप्रयोग के लिए महत्वपूर्ण होते हैं।
| 5. क्या दधि, वारि, और मणि के लिंग का परिवर्तन संभव है? | |
Ans. संस्कृत में शब्दों के लिंग का परिवर्तन सामान्यतः संभव नहीं होता है। प्रत्येक शब्द का एक निश्चित लिंग होता है, जो उसके क्लिष्ट रूप में स्थायी रहता है।
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Sep 07, 2025
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