Chhattisgarh: Natural Resources | Chhattisgarh State PSC (CGPSC) Preparation: All subjects - CGPSC (Chhattisgarh) PDF Download

Natural Resources of Chhattisgarh

Chhattisgarh, known for its rich natural resources, boasts a diverse range of elements that are crucial for sustaining life and fostering development.

Water Resources

Water stands as a cornerstone resource for Chhattisgarh, particularly given that 80% of the state's population depends on agriculture for livelihood.

• The available surface water in the state is estimated at 51,200 Mcum, with a considerable portion utilized for various purposes such as irrigation, drinking water, and industrial needs.
• Furthermore, Chhattisgarh benefits from a dynamic groundwater reserve, with an estimated potential of 13,678 Mcum, adding to the state's water security.
• Projects like the Chhattisgarh Irrigation Development Project, supported by the Asian Development Bank, aim to enhance water resource management through schemes that bolster irrigated agriculture sustainability.

Forest Resources

Forests play a vital role in Chhattisgarh's ecosystem, offering a myriad of benefits ranging from environmental conservation to economic sustenance.

• These wooded areas serve as habitats for diverse flora and fauna, promoting biodiversity and ecological balance.
• Furthermore, forests contribute significantly to the state's economy through timber production, non-timber forest products, and eco-tourism.

Mineral Resources

Chhattisgarh is endowed with a wealth of mineral resources, which serve as the backbone of its industrial sector, contributing to economic growth and employment generation.

• The state is known for its rich deposits of coal, iron ore, bauxite, limestone, and other minerals, which are crucial for various industries including steel, cement, and power generation.
• Efficient and sustainable utilization of these mineral reserves is essential for ensuring long-term economic prosperity and environmental sustainability.

Agricultural Resources

Agriculture forms the backbone of Chhattisgarh's economy, with fertile lands and favorable climatic conditions supporting a variety of crops and livestock.

• The state's agriculture sector benefits from irrigation facilities, innovative farming techniques, and government support programs aimed at enhancing productivity and farmer welfare.
• Key crops grown in Chhattisgarh include rice, pulses, oilseeds, and sugarcane, contributing significantly to the state's agricultural output and food security.

Water Management and Infrastructure Development

• Current storage stands at approximately 7,810 Mcum with a proposed increase to 16,200 Mcum by 2020.
• A plan is in place for the construction of 595 anicuts across various rivers in the state, estimated to cost Rs. 1,657 crores.
• These initiatives aim to boost groundwater potential in the region.

Mineral Wealth

• Chhattisgarh ranks among the top states in India in terms of mineral reserves.
• The state boasts abundant mineral resources including iron ore, coal, and various metallic and non-metallic resources.
• Key minerals in which Chhattisgarh leads nationally include Iron Ore and Bauxite.

Forest Cover

• Forests cover nearly half of Chhattisgarh's geographic area, known for their rich biodiversity.
• Timber contributes about 40% of total forest revenue, with the remainder sourced from Non-Wood Forest Products (NWFP).
• The state is home to three national parks:
  • Guru Ghasidas National Park in Koriya, Sarguja
  • Kanger Valley National Park in Bastar
  • Indrawati National Park in Dantewara
• Additionally, there are 11 wildlife sanctuaries in the state.
• Forests support nearly 10,000 industrial units by providing raw materials.

Overview of State's Natural Wealth

• The region boasts a diverse array of Non-Wood Forest Produce (NWFP) such as Tendu Leaves, Harra, Sal Seed, Gum, Mahua, Amla, Achar, Lac, Chironji, and numerous medicinal plants.
• These resources hold significant economic value and potential for the state.

Potential for Herbal and Medicinal Plant Industries

• The state presents opportunities for establishing Herbal, Medicinal, and Aromatic plant-based industries.
• It is estimated that the NWFP trade alone has the potential to reach Rs. 500 Crore, indicating a lucrative market.