Class 10 Geography Chapter 6 Question Answers - Manufacturing Industries

Q1: Define manufacturing.
Ans: Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing.

Q2: How do manufacturing industries help agriculture?
Ans: Manufacturing industries not only help in modernizing agriculture, which forms the backbone of our economy, but also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agriculture income by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.

Q3: What was the main philosophy behind public sector industries?
Ans: Public sector helps in eradication of unemployment and poverty. It also aimed at bringing down disparities by establishing industries in tribal and backward areas.

Q4: How does manufacturing help in earning foreign exchange?
Ans: Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce and brings in much needed foreign exchange.

Q5: What is the idea behind prosperity of the country?
Ans: Countries that transform their raw materials into a wide variety of furnished goods of higher value are prosperous.

Q6: What is the contribution of industries to national economy?
Ans: Over the last two decades, the share of manufacturing sector has stagnated at 17 per cent of GDP—out of a total of 27 per cent for mining, quarrying, electricity and gas.

Q7: How does industrialisation and urbanisation go hand in hand?
Ans: Cities provide markets and also provide services such as banking, insurance, transport, labour, consultants and financial advice, etc., to industry.

Q8: What are agglomeration economies?
Ans: Many industries tend to come together to make use of the advantages offered by the urban centres are known as agglomeration economies.

Q9: Where were manufacturing units located in Pre-independence period?
Ans: In the Pre-independence period, most of the manufacturing units were located in places from the point of view of overseas trade such as Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, etc.

Q10: What are consumer industries?
Ans: Consumer industries are the industries that produce goods for direct use by consumers, e.g., sugar, toothpaste, paper, sewing machines, etc.

Q11: Classify industries on the basis of ownership.
Ans: (i) Public Sector
(ii) Private Sector
(iii) Joint Sector
(iv) Cooperative Sector

Q12: Give one difference between public and private sectors.
Ans: (i) Public sector is owned and operated by government agencies, e.g., BHEL and SAIL, etc.
(ii) Private Sector – These industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals, e.g., TISCO, Bajaj Auto Ltd., Dabur Industries.

Q13: Which twin states of India are known for cotton production?
Ans: Maharashtra and Gujarat are the twin states of India known for cotton production.

Q14: Why are more cotton textile mills located in Gujarat and Maharashtra?
Ans: Availability of raw cotton, market, transport including accessible port facilities, labour, moist climate, etc., contributed towards its localisation.

Q15: Name the people who are provided employment opportunities by cotton textile industries.
Ans: Cotton farmers, cotton boll pluckers, workers engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and sewing. People who have industries of chemical and dyes, mill stores, packaging materials and engineering works.

Q16: What standard is India maintaining in weaving and spinning processes in India?
Ans: India has world class production in spinning, but weaving supplies low quality of fabric as it cannot use much of the high quality yarn produced in the country.

Q17: What are the main problems faced by cotton textile industries?
Ans: Power supply is erratic; machinery needs to be upgraded, low output of labour and stiff competition with the synthetic fibre industry.

Q18: What is India’s status in jute production?
Ans: India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods and stands at the second place as an exporter after Bangladesh.

Q19: Where was the first jute mill set up?
Ans: The first jute mill was set up in 1859 at Rishra near Kolkata.

Q20: What happened to jute production after partition?
Ans: After partition in 1947, the jute mills remained in India but three-fourth of the jute producing area went to Bangladesh.