Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Match the following items given in Column A with those in Column B:
Explanation
(i) Spinning Jenny: It was invented in 1764 or 1765 by James Hargreaves in Stanhill, Oswaldtwistle, Lancashire in England.
(ii) Music Book: Edward Taylor Paull (February 16, 1858 – November 25, 1924) was a minor American composer, arranger, and sheet music publisher. He began publishing in 1894, specializing in marches.
(iii) Steam Engine: James Watt did not invent the steam engine. He did, however, improve the engine apparatus. In 1764 Watt observed a flaw in the Newcomen steam engine: it wasted a lot of steam.
(iv) Cotton Mill: In 1767, a breakthrough came when a Lancashire entrepreneur, Richard Arkwright (1732–92), devised a simple but remarkable spinning machine.
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Q2:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Match the following items given in Column A with those in Column B:
Explanation
(i) Iron and Steel Plant: The founder of the Tata Iron & Steel Company - now called Tata Steel - never lived to see it incorporated. TISCO was born in 1907 - three years after Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata died. Tata had been pursuing the dream of setting up a steel plant in India since at least 1882.
(ii) Bengali Industrialist: Dwarkanath Tagore (1794–1846), one of the first Indian industrialists to form an enterprise with British partners and entrepreneurs, was the founder of the Jorasanko branch of the Tagore family.
(iii) Marwari Businessman: Seth Hukumchand, a Marwari businessman was the one to set up the first Indian jute mill in Calcutta in 1917.
(iv) Parsi Industrialist: Sir Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, 1st Baronet was a Parsi entrepreneur and founder of the first textile mills in India, as well as a great philanthropist.
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Q3:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Arrange the following in the correct sequence:
(i) James Hargreaves invented the Spinning Jenny
(ii) James Watt patented the Steam Engine.
(iii) Richard Arkwright created the First Cotton Mill.
(iv) Matthew Boulton Manufactured the new model of Steam Engine.
Explanation
Correct sequence is
(i) James Hargreaves invented the Spinning Jenny: The Spinning Jenny was invented in 1764 by James Hargreaves, a cotton weaver, from Oswaldtwistle, Lancashire.
(iii) Richard Arkwright created the First Cotton Mill: In 1771, Richard Arkwright along with three men opened the first cotton factory with some partners.
(ii) James Watt patented the Steam Engine: In 1765 Watt conceived of a separate condenser, a device to reduce the amount of waste produced by the Newcomen steam engine. Watt patented the device in 1769. In 1776 Watt and his business partner, Matthew Boulton, installed two steam engines with separate condensers.
(iv) Matthew Boulton Manufactured the new model of Steam Engine: Boulton foresaw great industrial demand for steam power and urged Watt to design the double-acting rotative engine, patented in 1782, and the Watt engine (1788) for driving the lapping machines at his factory.
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Q4:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Arrange the following in the correct sequence:
(i) J. N. Tata set up the first iron and steel plant in Jamshedpur.
(ii) Dwarkanath Tagore set up six joint stock companies in Bengal.
(iii) Seth Hukumchand set up the first jute mill in Calcutta.
(iv) Music Publisher E. T. Paull produced a music book.
Explanation
(ii) Dwarkanath Tagore set up six joint stock companies in Bengal: Dwarkanath Tagore invested his money to set up six joint stock companies in 1830-1840, but they did not florish. Dwarkanath Tagore, one of the first Indian industrialists and entrepreneurs.
(iv) Music Publisher E. T. Paull produced a music book: Paull produced a music book that had a picture on the cover page announcing the 'Dawn of the Century' in which at the centre of the picture is a goddess-like figure, the angel of progress, bearing the flag of the new century.
(i) J. N. Tata set up the first iron and steel plant in Jamshedpur: Tata Iron and Steel Company or TISCO is the first iron and steel manufacturing plant in India which was founded and established by Jamsetji Tata and Dorabji Tata respectively on 26th August 1907 at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand.
(iii) Seth Hukumchand set up the first jute mill in Calcutta: The First jute mill was set up in calcutta in 1917 by a marwari businessman Seth Hukum chand. He established cotton mills ( Hukum Chand Mill and Raj kumar mill at Indore), and a large jute mill and Iron Mill at calcutta.
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Q5:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Analyse the information given below, considering one the following correct options:
The abundance of labour in the market affected the lives of workers. As news of possible jobs travelled to the countryside, hundreds tramped to the cities. The actual possibility of getting a job depended on existing networks of friendship and kin relations. If you had a relative or a friend in a factory, you were more likely to get a job quickly. But not everyone had social connections. Many jobseekers had to wait weeks, spending nights under bridges or in night shelters. Some stayed in Night Refuges that were set up by private individuals; others went to the casual wards maintained by the Poor Law authorities.
Explanation
Most of the workers were employed on seasonal basis and there was no job security. There was no proper housing facilities provided to the workers by the employers. They lived in slums under unhygienic conditions and became victims of serious health diseases.
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Q6:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Analyse the information given below, considering one the following correct options:
By the late nineteenth century, manufacturers were printing calendars to popularise their products. Unlike newspapers and magazines, calendars were used even by people who could not read. They were hung in tea shops and in poor people’s homes just as much as in offices and middle-class apartments. And those who hung the calendars had to see the advertisements, day after day, through the year. In these calendars, once again, we see the figures of Gods being used to sell new products. Like the images of gods, figures of important personages, of emperors and nawabs, adorned advertisement and calendars. The message very often seemed to say: if you respect the royal figure, then respect this product; when the product was being used by kings, or produced under Royal command, its quality could not be questioned.
Explanation
British manufactures attempted to take over the Indian market on the other hand Indian weavers and craftsmen, traders and industrialists resisted colonial controls, demanded tariff protection, created their own spaces, and tried to extend the market for their produce.
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Q7:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Assertion and Reason Type Questions:
In the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the Statements and choose the correct option :
Assertion (A) : European Managing Agencies, which dominated industrial production in India, were interested in certain kinds of products.Reason (R) : They established tea and coffee plantations, acquiring land at cheap rates from the Colonial Government; and they invested in mining, indigo and jute.
Explanation
European Managing Agencies (e.g. Bird Heiglers and Co., Andrew Yule, Jardine Skinner and Co.) which dominated industrial production in India, were interested in certain kinds of products. Acquiring land at cheap rates from the colonial government, they established tea and coffee plantations.
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Q8:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Assertion and Reason Type Questions:
In the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the Statements and choose the correct option:
Assertion (A) : The most dynamic industries in Britain were clearly Cotton and Metals.Reason (R) : By 1873, Britain was exporting iron and steel worth about £ 77 million, double the value of its cotton export.
Explanation
The most dynamic industries in Britain were clearly cotton and metals. Growing at a rapid pace, cotton was the leading sector in the first phase of industrialization up to the 1840s. After that the iron and steel industry led the way.
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Q9:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Find the incorrect option:
Explanation
By the nineteenth century, manufacturers were printing calendars to popularise their products. Unlike newspapers and magazines, calendars were used even by people, who could not read. They were hung in tea shops and in poor people's homes just as much as in offices and middle- class apartments.
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Q10:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Find the incorrect option:
Explanation
About 50 per cent workers in the Bombay cotton industries came from the neighbouring district of Ratnagiri, while the mills of Kanpur got workers from the villages within the district of Kanpur.
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Q11:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Direction: Mark the Option Which Is Most Suitable:
Assertion : When Manchester industrialists began selling cloth in India, they put labels on the cloth bundles.Reason : The label was a mark of Quality. When buyers saw ‘MADE IN MANCHESTER’ written in bold on the label, they were expected to feel confident about buying the cloth.
Explanation
Manchester industrialists started selling clothes in India. They put labels on the cloth bundles to make the place of manufacture and the name of the company familiar to buyers. The labels was also a mark of quality. When buyers saw 'Made in Manchester' written in bold on the label, they felt confident to buy cloths.
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Q12:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Direction: Mark the Option Which Is Most Suitable:
Assertion : The consolidation of East India Company power after the 1760s did not initially lead to a decline in textile exports from India.Reason : British cotton industries had not yet expanded and Indian fine textiles were in great demand in Europe.
Explanation
The consolidation of East India Company power after the 1760s did not initially lead to a decline in textile exports from India. British cotton industries had not yet expanded and Indian fine textiles were in great demand in Europe. So the company was keen on expanding textile exports from India.
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Q13:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Direction: Mark the Option Which Is Most Suitable:
Assertion : In most industrial regions, workers came from the districts around.Reason : Peasants and Artisans who found no work in the village went to the industrial centres in search of work.
Explanation
Peasants and artisans who found no work in the village went to industrial centres in search of work. About 50 per cent workers in the Bombay cotton industries came from the neighbouring district of Ratnagiri, while the mills of Kanpur got workers from the villages within the district of Kanpur.
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Q14:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Direction: Mark the Option Which Is Most Suitable:
Assertion : In the twentieth century, handloom cloth production expanded steadily.Reason : This was partly because of technological changes,
Explanation
In the twentieth century, handloom cloth production expanded steadily: almost trebling between 1900 and 1940.
(i) This was partly because of technological changes.
(ii) Handicrafts people had adopted new technology that helped them to improve production without excessively pushing up costs.
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Q15:
Question for Assertion & Reason Type Questions: The Age of Industrialisation
Try yourself: Direction: Mark the Option Which Is Most Suitable:
Assertion : Like the images of gods and goddesses, figures of important personages like emperors and nawabs adorned advertisements and calendars.Reason : This was done to show the pomp and glory of the nation.
Explanation
This was done to win the confidence of the buyers to buy the products. Hence the reason is false.
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The document Class 10 History Chapter 2 Assertion and Reason Questions - India and the Contemporary World - II is a part of Class 10 category.