Class 11 Biology: CBSE Sample Question Papers - 1 (2024-25) | Sample Papers for Class 11 Medical and Non-Medical - JEE PDF Download

 Page 1


Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70 
General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. The question paper has five sections and 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
3. Section–A has 16 questions of 1 mark each; Section–B has 5 questions of 2 marks each; Section– C has 7
questions of 3 marks each; Section– D has 2 case-based questions of 4 marks each; and Section–E has 3 questions
of 5 marks each.
4. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions. A student has to
attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
5. Wherever necessary, neat and properly labeled diagrams should be drawn.
Section A
a) Phylum b) Division
c) Order d) Kingdom
1. Which is the topmost taxa in zoology? [1]
a) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
stops
b) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
continue normally
c) Ultrafiltration stops d) Tubular reabsorption stops
2. If kidney tissues are supplied with blood low in oxygen then: [1]
a) - amino acid b) -amino acid
c) -amino acid d) -amino acid
3. Amino acids are also known as: [1]
d ß ? a a) Dorsiventral leaves of dicot b) Isobilateral leaves of monocot
c) Unifacial leaves of monocot d) Dorsiventral leaves of monocot
4. Bulliform or motor cells are present in [1]
a) It increases O
2
 transport b) It increases CO
2
 transport
c) It reduces CO
2
 transport d) It reduces O
2
 transport
5. It is known that exposure to carbon monoxide is harmful to animals because: [1]
a) Yellow b) Violet
6. Which is the most effective wavelength of light for photosynthesis? [1]
Page 1 of 11
Page 2


Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70 
General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. The question paper has five sections and 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
3. Section–A has 16 questions of 1 mark each; Section–B has 5 questions of 2 marks each; Section– C has 7
questions of 3 marks each; Section– D has 2 case-based questions of 4 marks each; and Section–E has 3 questions
of 5 marks each.
4. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions. A student has to
attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
5. Wherever necessary, neat and properly labeled diagrams should be drawn.
Section A
a) Phylum b) Division
c) Order d) Kingdom
1. Which is the topmost taxa in zoology? [1]
a) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
stops
b) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
continue normally
c) Ultrafiltration stops d) Tubular reabsorption stops
2. If kidney tissues are supplied with blood low in oxygen then: [1]
a) - amino acid b) -amino acid
c) -amino acid d) -amino acid
3. Amino acids are also known as: [1]
d ß ? a a) Dorsiventral leaves of dicot b) Isobilateral leaves of monocot
c) Unifacial leaves of monocot d) Dorsiventral leaves of monocot
4. Bulliform or motor cells are present in [1]
a) It increases O
2
 transport b) It increases CO
2
 transport
c) It reduces CO
2
 transport d) It reduces O
2
 transport
5. It is known that exposure to carbon monoxide is harmful to animals because: [1]
a) Yellow b) Violet
6. Which is the most effective wavelength of light for photosynthesis? [1]
Page 1 of 11
c) Red d) Green
a) Glomerulonephritis b) Ketonuria
c) Uremia d) Renal Calculi
7. The condition of accumulation of urea in the blood is termed as: [1]
a) Haemocytes b) Microkayocytes
c) Thrombocytes d) Megakaryocytes
8. Platelets are formed from the________. [1]
a) Gibberellins b) Auxins
c) Ethylene d) Abscisic acid
9. A farmer grows cucumber plants in his field. He wants to increase the number of female flowers in them. Which
plant hormones can be applied to achieve this?
[1]
a) Foot b) Leaf apex
c) Setae d) Capsule
10. In mosses, the sex organs arise from: [1]
a) Carbon dioxide b) Ammonia
c) Urea d) Uric acid
11. The following substances are the excretory products in animals. Choose the least toxic form among them. [1]
a) Peripheral sleep apnea b) Obstructive sleep apnea
c) Bronchitis d) Central sleep apnea
12. Loud snoring and labored breathing are symptoms of: [1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) Both A and R are false
13. Assertion (A): Hippocrates is known as father of Biology. 
Reason (R): Hippocrates gave binomial classification of organisms. 
[1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
14. Assertion (A): Receptors associated with the aortic arch and carotid artery also can recognize changes in CO
2
and H
+
 concentration. 
Reason (R): It sends necessary signals to the rhythm centre for remedial actions.
[1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
15. Assertion (A): Enzymes of glycolysis are constitutive enzymes.
Reason (R): They are present over mitochondrial cristae.
[1]
Page 2 of 11
Page 3


Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70 
General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. The question paper has five sections and 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
3. Section–A has 16 questions of 1 mark each; Section–B has 5 questions of 2 marks each; Section– C has 7
questions of 3 marks each; Section– D has 2 case-based questions of 4 marks each; and Section–E has 3 questions
of 5 marks each.
4. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions. A student has to
attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
5. Wherever necessary, neat and properly labeled diagrams should be drawn.
Section A
a) Phylum b) Division
c) Order d) Kingdom
1. Which is the topmost taxa in zoology? [1]
a) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
stops
b) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
continue normally
c) Ultrafiltration stops d) Tubular reabsorption stops
2. If kidney tissues are supplied with blood low in oxygen then: [1]
a) - amino acid b) -amino acid
c) -amino acid d) -amino acid
3. Amino acids are also known as: [1]
d ß ? a a) Dorsiventral leaves of dicot b) Isobilateral leaves of monocot
c) Unifacial leaves of monocot d) Dorsiventral leaves of monocot
4. Bulliform or motor cells are present in [1]
a) It increases O
2
 transport b) It increases CO
2
 transport
c) It reduces CO
2
 transport d) It reduces O
2
 transport
5. It is known that exposure to carbon monoxide is harmful to animals because: [1]
a) Yellow b) Violet
6. Which is the most effective wavelength of light for photosynthesis? [1]
Page 1 of 11
c) Red d) Green
a) Glomerulonephritis b) Ketonuria
c) Uremia d) Renal Calculi
7. The condition of accumulation of urea in the blood is termed as: [1]
a) Haemocytes b) Microkayocytes
c) Thrombocytes d) Megakaryocytes
8. Platelets are formed from the________. [1]
a) Gibberellins b) Auxins
c) Ethylene d) Abscisic acid
9. A farmer grows cucumber plants in his field. He wants to increase the number of female flowers in them. Which
plant hormones can be applied to achieve this?
[1]
a) Foot b) Leaf apex
c) Setae d) Capsule
10. In mosses, the sex organs arise from: [1]
a) Carbon dioxide b) Ammonia
c) Urea d) Uric acid
11. The following substances are the excretory products in animals. Choose the least toxic form among them. [1]
a) Peripheral sleep apnea b) Obstructive sleep apnea
c) Bronchitis d) Central sleep apnea
12. Loud snoring and labored breathing are symptoms of: [1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) Both A and R are false
13. Assertion (A): Hippocrates is known as father of Biology. 
Reason (R): Hippocrates gave binomial classification of organisms. 
[1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
14. Assertion (A): Receptors associated with the aortic arch and carotid artery also can recognize changes in CO
2
and H
+
 concentration. 
Reason (R): It sends necessary signals to the rhythm centre for remedial actions.
[1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
15. Assertion (A): Enzymes of glycolysis are constitutive enzymes.
Reason (R): They are present over mitochondrial cristae.
[1]
Page 2 of 11
Section B
Section C
Section D
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
16. Assertion (A): Abdominal muscle is related with respiration in animals. 
Reason (R): Relaxation of abdominal muscles draws in air.
[1]
17. What is the difference between monocot and dicot leaves? [2]
18. Draw a well labelled diagram of both ventral and dorsal views of the brain of the frog. [2]
19. Mention any four activities regulated by the estrogen hormone. [2]
20. Eichornia crassipes is called as an exotic species while Rauvolfia serpentine is an endemic species in India.
What do these terms exotic and endemic refer to?
[2]
21. Why is the colour of a leaf kept in the dark frequently yellow, or pale green? Which pigment do you think is
more stable?
[2]
OR
2H
2
O  2H
+
 + O
2
 + 4e
-
 
Based on the above equation, answer the following questions:
i. Where does this reaction take place in plants?
ii. What is the significance of this reaction?
? 22. Differentiate between the following:
i. Red algae and brown algae
ii. Liverworts and moss
iii. Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte
[3]
23. Differentiate between:
i. Acoelomate and pseudocoelomate
ii. Notochord and nerve cord
iii. Polyp and medusa
[3]
24. What are Lipids? Explain. [3]
25. Name one synthetic auxin that can be used as a herbicide. Give one more application of the same. [3]
26. Mention and explain the special properties of muscle. [3]
27. What is the significance of the time gap in the passage of action potential from the sinoatrial node to the
ventricle?
[3]
OR
Differentiate between right ventricle and left ventricle.
28. How do you call the conduction of impulse along a myelinated nerve fibre? [3]
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: 
Linnaeus gave two kingdom classification/which consists of kingdom Plantae and kingdom Animalia. This
classification was based on the mode of nutrition/ reproduction/ presence or absence of cell wall. However, this
system had many drawbacks like there was no distinction between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Then, came the
three-kingdom classification in which single-celled bacteria and protozoans were kept in the kingdom Protista.
[4]
Page 3 of 11
Page 4


Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70 
General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. The question paper has five sections and 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
3. Section–A has 16 questions of 1 mark each; Section–B has 5 questions of 2 marks each; Section– C has 7
questions of 3 marks each; Section– D has 2 case-based questions of 4 marks each; and Section–E has 3 questions
of 5 marks each.
4. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions. A student has to
attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
5. Wherever necessary, neat and properly labeled diagrams should be drawn.
Section A
a) Phylum b) Division
c) Order d) Kingdom
1. Which is the topmost taxa in zoology? [1]
a) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
stops
b) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
continue normally
c) Ultrafiltration stops d) Tubular reabsorption stops
2. If kidney tissues are supplied with blood low in oxygen then: [1]
a) - amino acid b) -amino acid
c) -amino acid d) -amino acid
3. Amino acids are also known as: [1]
d ß ? a a) Dorsiventral leaves of dicot b) Isobilateral leaves of monocot
c) Unifacial leaves of monocot d) Dorsiventral leaves of monocot
4. Bulliform or motor cells are present in [1]
a) It increases O
2
 transport b) It increases CO
2
 transport
c) It reduces CO
2
 transport d) It reduces O
2
 transport
5. It is known that exposure to carbon monoxide is harmful to animals because: [1]
a) Yellow b) Violet
6. Which is the most effective wavelength of light for photosynthesis? [1]
Page 1 of 11
c) Red d) Green
a) Glomerulonephritis b) Ketonuria
c) Uremia d) Renal Calculi
7. The condition of accumulation of urea in the blood is termed as: [1]
a) Haemocytes b) Microkayocytes
c) Thrombocytes d) Megakaryocytes
8. Platelets are formed from the________. [1]
a) Gibberellins b) Auxins
c) Ethylene d) Abscisic acid
9. A farmer grows cucumber plants in his field. He wants to increase the number of female flowers in them. Which
plant hormones can be applied to achieve this?
[1]
a) Foot b) Leaf apex
c) Setae d) Capsule
10. In mosses, the sex organs arise from: [1]
a) Carbon dioxide b) Ammonia
c) Urea d) Uric acid
11. The following substances are the excretory products in animals. Choose the least toxic form among them. [1]
a) Peripheral sleep apnea b) Obstructive sleep apnea
c) Bronchitis d) Central sleep apnea
12. Loud snoring and labored breathing are symptoms of: [1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) Both A and R are false
13. Assertion (A): Hippocrates is known as father of Biology. 
Reason (R): Hippocrates gave binomial classification of organisms. 
[1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
14. Assertion (A): Receptors associated with the aortic arch and carotid artery also can recognize changes in CO
2
and H
+
 concentration. 
Reason (R): It sends necessary signals to the rhythm centre for remedial actions.
[1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
15. Assertion (A): Enzymes of glycolysis are constitutive enzymes.
Reason (R): They are present over mitochondrial cristae.
[1]
Page 2 of 11
Section B
Section C
Section D
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
16. Assertion (A): Abdominal muscle is related with respiration in animals. 
Reason (R): Relaxation of abdominal muscles draws in air.
[1]
17. What is the difference between monocot and dicot leaves? [2]
18. Draw a well labelled diagram of both ventral and dorsal views of the brain of the frog. [2]
19. Mention any four activities regulated by the estrogen hormone. [2]
20. Eichornia crassipes is called as an exotic species while Rauvolfia serpentine is an endemic species in India.
What do these terms exotic and endemic refer to?
[2]
21. Why is the colour of a leaf kept in the dark frequently yellow, or pale green? Which pigment do you think is
more stable?
[2]
OR
2H
2
O  2H
+
 + O
2
 + 4e
-
 
Based on the above equation, answer the following questions:
i. Where does this reaction take place in plants?
ii. What is the significance of this reaction?
? 22. Differentiate between the following:
i. Red algae and brown algae
ii. Liverworts and moss
iii. Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte
[3]
23. Differentiate between:
i. Acoelomate and pseudocoelomate
ii. Notochord and nerve cord
iii. Polyp and medusa
[3]
24. What are Lipids? Explain. [3]
25. Name one synthetic auxin that can be used as a herbicide. Give one more application of the same. [3]
26. Mention and explain the special properties of muscle. [3]
27. What is the significance of the time gap in the passage of action potential from the sinoatrial node to the
ventricle?
[3]
OR
Differentiate between right ventricle and left ventricle.
28. How do you call the conduction of impulse along a myelinated nerve fibre? [3]
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: 
Linnaeus gave two kingdom classification/which consists of kingdom Plantae and kingdom Animalia. This
classification was based on the mode of nutrition/ reproduction/ presence or absence of cell wall. However, this
system had many drawbacks like there was no distinction between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Then, came the
three-kingdom classification in which single-celled bacteria and protozoans were kept in the kingdom Protista.
[4]
Page 3 of 11
This system also failed to classify all living organisms into appropriate categories. Finally a five Kingdom
classification was proposed by dividing all the organisms into five kingdom and it will be accepted as modern
system of classification. 
i. We know that Haeckel proposed the term Protista for unicellular organisms. Observe the given flowchart and
mention what are advantages does the five-kingdom classification have over the two-kingdom classification?
(1)
ii. All eukaryotic unicellular organisms belong to which kingdom? Also, mention its two characteristics. (1)
iii. What is heterotropic? Is Euglena heterotropic? (2) 
OR
Who proposed the five-kingdom classification? And which criteria were used to classify organism in the 5-
kingdom system? (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: 
The androecium is composed of stamens. Each stamen that represents the male reproductive organ consists of a
stalk or a filament and an anther. Each anther is usually bilobed and each lobe has two chambers, the pollen-sacs.
Stamens of flowers may be united with other members such as petals or among themselves. The stamens may be
epipetalous or epiphyllous. A flower is a modified shoot wherein the shoot apical meristem changes to floral
meristem. Internodes do not elongate and the axis gets condensed. The apex produces different kinds of floral
appendages laterally at successive nodes instead of leaves. The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is
termed an inflorescence.
i. Observe the figure and mention what is androecium composed of. (1)
ii. The pollen grains are produced in pollen-sacs. What is a sterile stamen is called? (1)
iii. Is salvia and mustard show variation in the length of filaments within a flower? (2) 
OR
Mention statement justifies that the given figure is racemose inflorescence. (2) 
[4]
Page 4 of 11
Page 5


Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70 
General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. The question paper has five sections and 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
3. Section–A has 16 questions of 1 mark each; Section–B has 5 questions of 2 marks each; Section– C has 7
questions of 3 marks each; Section– D has 2 case-based questions of 4 marks each; and Section–E has 3 questions
of 5 marks each.
4. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions. A student has to
attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
5. Wherever necessary, neat and properly labeled diagrams should be drawn.
Section A
a) Phylum b) Division
c) Order d) Kingdom
1. Which is the topmost taxa in zoology? [1]
a) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
stops
b) Both tubular reabsorption and ultrafiltration
continue normally
c) Ultrafiltration stops d) Tubular reabsorption stops
2. If kidney tissues are supplied with blood low in oxygen then: [1]
a) - amino acid b) -amino acid
c) -amino acid d) -amino acid
3. Amino acids are also known as: [1]
d ß ? a a) Dorsiventral leaves of dicot b) Isobilateral leaves of monocot
c) Unifacial leaves of monocot d) Dorsiventral leaves of monocot
4. Bulliform or motor cells are present in [1]
a) It increases O
2
 transport b) It increases CO
2
 transport
c) It reduces CO
2
 transport d) It reduces O
2
 transport
5. It is known that exposure to carbon monoxide is harmful to animals because: [1]
a) Yellow b) Violet
6. Which is the most effective wavelength of light for photosynthesis? [1]
Page 1 of 11
c) Red d) Green
a) Glomerulonephritis b) Ketonuria
c) Uremia d) Renal Calculi
7. The condition of accumulation of urea in the blood is termed as: [1]
a) Haemocytes b) Microkayocytes
c) Thrombocytes d) Megakaryocytes
8. Platelets are formed from the________. [1]
a) Gibberellins b) Auxins
c) Ethylene d) Abscisic acid
9. A farmer grows cucumber plants in his field. He wants to increase the number of female flowers in them. Which
plant hormones can be applied to achieve this?
[1]
a) Foot b) Leaf apex
c) Setae d) Capsule
10. In mosses, the sex organs arise from: [1]
a) Carbon dioxide b) Ammonia
c) Urea d) Uric acid
11. The following substances are the excretory products in animals. Choose the least toxic form among them. [1]
a) Peripheral sleep apnea b) Obstructive sleep apnea
c) Bronchitis d) Central sleep apnea
12. Loud snoring and labored breathing are symptoms of: [1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) Both A and R are false
13. Assertion (A): Hippocrates is known as father of Biology. 
Reason (R): Hippocrates gave binomial classification of organisms. 
[1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
14. Assertion (A): Receptors associated with the aortic arch and carotid artery also can recognize changes in CO
2
and H
+
 concentration. 
Reason (R): It sends necessary signals to the rhythm centre for remedial actions.
[1]
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
15. Assertion (A): Enzymes of glycolysis are constitutive enzymes.
Reason (R): They are present over mitochondrial cristae.
[1]
Page 2 of 11
Section B
Section C
Section D
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
16. Assertion (A): Abdominal muscle is related with respiration in animals. 
Reason (R): Relaxation of abdominal muscles draws in air.
[1]
17. What is the difference between monocot and dicot leaves? [2]
18. Draw a well labelled diagram of both ventral and dorsal views of the brain of the frog. [2]
19. Mention any four activities regulated by the estrogen hormone. [2]
20. Eichornia crassipes is called as an exotic species while Rauvolfia serpentine is an endemic species in India.
What do these terms exotic and endemic refer to?
[2]
21. Why is the colour of a leaf kept in the dark frequently yellow, or pale green? Which pigment do you think is
more stable?
[2]
OR
2H
2
O  2H
+
 + O
2
 + 4e
-
 
Based on the above equation, answer the following questions:
i. Where does this reaction take place in plants?
ii. What is the significance of this reaction?
? 22. Differentiate between the following:
i. Red algae and brown algae
ii. Liverworts and moss
iii. Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte
[3]
23. Differentiate between:
i. Acoelomate and pseudocoelomate
ii. Notochord and nerve cord
iii. Polyp and medusa
[3]
24. What are Lipids? Explain. [3]
25. Name one synthetic auxin that can be used as a herbicide. Give one more application of the same. [3]
26. Mention and explain the special properties of muscle. [3]
27. What is the significance of the time gap in the passage of action potential from the sinoatrial node to the
ventricle?
[3]
OR
Differentiate between right ventricle and left ventricle.
28. How do you call the conduction of impulse along a myelinated nerve fibre? [3]
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: 
Linnaeus gave two kingdom classification/which consists of kingdom Plantae and kingdom Animalia. This
classification was based on the mode of nutrition/ reproduction/ presence or absence of cell wall. However, this
system had many drawbacks like there was no distinction between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Then, came the
three-kingdom classification in which single-celled bacteria and protozoans were kept in the kingdom Protista.
[4]
Page 3 of 11
This system also failed to classify all living organisms into appropriate categories. Finally a five Kingdom
classification was proposed by dividing all the organisms into five kingdom and it will be accepted as modern
system of classification. 
i. We know that Haeckel proposed the term Protista for unicellular organisms. Observe the given flowchart and
mention what are advantages does the five-kingdom classification have over the two-kingdom classification?
(1)
ii. All eukaryotic unicellular organisms belong to which kingdom? Also, mention its two characteristics. (1)
iii. What is heterotropic? Is Euglena heterotropic? (2) 
OR
Who proposed the five-kingdom classification? And which criteria were used to classify organism in the 5-
kingdom system? (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: 
The androecium is composed of stamens. Each stamen that represents the male reproductive organ consists of a
stalk or a filament and an anther. Each anther is usually bilobed and each lobe has two chambers, the pollen-sacs.
Stamens of flowers may be united with other members such as petals or among themselves. The stamens may be
epipetalous or epiphyllous. A flower is a modified shoot wherein the shoot apical meristem changes to floral
meristem. Internodes do not elongate and the axis gets condensed. The apex produces different kinds of floral
appendages laterally at successive nodes instead of leaves. The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is
termed an inflorescence.
i. Observe the figure and mention what is androecium composed of. (1)
ii. The pollen grains are produced in pollen-sacs. What is a sterile stamen is called? (1)
iii. Is salvia and mustard show variation in the length of filaments within a flower? (2) 
OR
Mention statement justifies that the given figure is racemose inflorescence. (2) 
[4]
Page 4 of 11
Section E
31. Describe the following:
i. synapsis
ii. bivalent
iii. chiasmata
Draw a diagram to illustrate your anwer.
[5]
OR
A well-known biologist stated that the life history of an organism can be summed up as gametic fusion, equational
division and reductional division. Comment on it.
32. Enumerate the assumptions that we undertake in making the respiratory balance sheet. Are these assumptions
valid for a living system? Compare fermentation and aerobic respiration in this context.
[5]
OR
Describe briefly the main steps on glycolysis from triose phosphate onwards. Highlight the reactions which release
energy.
33. Is there a species or region specific type of plastids? How does one distinguish one from the other? [5]
OR
Give the biochemical composition of plasma membrane. How are lipid molecules arranged in the membrane?
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