Class 9 English Chapter 2 Question Answers - The Sound of Music

Q1. What was wrong with Evelyn Glennie?
Ans: Evelyn Glennie is profoundly deaf, which has greatly influenced her life and musical career. Her hearing loss occurred gradually; her mother first noticed it when Evelyn was eight years old and did not respond to her name being called. By the age of eleven, her academic performance declined, leading her headmistress to recommend a specialist. It was confirmed that she had severe hearing impairment due to nerve damage. Despite this challenge, Evelyn was determined to lead a normal life and pursue her passion for music. With the guidance of percussionist Ron Forbes, she learned to perceive music through vibrations. Forbes encouraged her to "sense it some other way" rather than relying on her hearing. This approach allowed Evelyn to feel different notes in various parts of her body, transforming her experience of music. Evelyn's determination and hard work have inspired many, proving that physical limitations can be overcome. She has become a celebrated musician, showing that passion and perseverance can lead to extraordinary achievements.

Q2. When was her deafness first noticed?
Ans: Her deafness was first noticed when she was eight years old.

Q3. At what age did Evelyn go to the Royal Academy of Music in London?
Ans: Evelyn attended the Royal Academy of Music at the age of seventeen.

Q4. What was Evelyn’s special field of interest?
Ans: Evelyn had a profound passion for music. Despite her challenges, she was determined to pursue this interest. She discovered her ability to sense sound through vibrations, allowing her to experience music in a unique way. This dedication led her to become a celebrated musician.

Q5. At what age was Evelyn’s deafness confirmed?
Ans: Evelyn's deafness was confirmed at the age of eleven.

Q6. Who was Ron Forbes?
Ans: Ron Forbes was a skilled percussionist who played a vital role in Evelyn's musical journey. He recognised her potential and encouraged her to follow her passion for music, despite her deafness. Forbes started by tuning two large drums to different notes. He advised Evelyn to “not listen through your ears”, but to sense the music in other ways. Evelyn discovered that she could feel different notes in various parts of her body. His support and unique teaching methods helped her to open her mind and body to sounds and vibrations, allowing her to connect with music in a profound way.

Q7. At what age did Evelyn visit the United Kingdom with a youth orchestra?
Ans: Evelyn visited the United Kingdom with a youth orchestra at the age of sixteen.

Q8. What was her performance in the audition for the Royal Academy of music?
Ans: She achieved one of the highest scores ever recorded at the Royal Academy of Music during her audition. This remarkable performance set a new standard in the academy's history.

Q9. What award did Evelyn win in 1991?
Ans: In 1991, Evelyn received the Royal Philharmonic Society's prestigious Soloist of the Year Award. Master percussionist James Blades remarked, "God may have taken her hearing but he has given her back something extraordinary. What we hear, she feels far more deeply than any of us. That is why she expresses music so beautifully."

Q10. How did Ron Forbes ask Evelyn to hear music?
Ans: Ron Forbes encouraged Evelyn to experience music through her body instead of her ears. He taught her to feel the vibrations from the drums by tuning them to different notes. Evelyn learned to sense the higher drum from the waist up and the lower one from the waist down. This method allowed her to open her mind and body to sounds and vibrations, leading her to discover that she could perceive certain notes in various parts of her body. This unique approach enabled her to connect with music in a profound way.

Q11. Who did Evelyn give a big inspiration to?
Ans: Evelyn Glennie has been a significant inspiration to many, especially those with disabilities. Her journey shows that it is possible to overcome challenges, encouraging others to believe in their own potential. Through her determination, she demonstrates that anyone can achieve their dreams. Her success in music serves as a motivation for others facing similar obstacles. Many people resonate with her story, often saying, "If she can do it, I can too." This powerful message of resilience and hope continues to inspire countless individuals.

Q12. Which train was Evelyn waiting for on the underground train platform? How did she feel when she sensed the train approaching?
Ans: Evelyn was waiting for a train to London to join the Royal Academy of Music. As she sensed the train approaching, she experienced a blend of nervousness and excitement.

Q13. How old was Evelyn when she went to the Royal Academy of Music? Why was she nervous on her way to the academy?
Ans: Evelyn was just seventeen when she attended the Royal Academy of Music in London. She felt nervous for several reasons. Firstly, her young age and limited life experience made the situation daunting. Secondly, coming from a rural background in Scotland added to her anxiety. Lastly, she faced unique challenges due to her hearing disability in such a large institution.

Q14. While leaving for the Royal Academy of Music, why was Evelyn excited despite her nervousness?
Ans: Evelyn was excited to attend the Royal Academy of Music in London, as it was a long-held dream. She looked forward to starting a three-year course at an institution she had always admired. Despite her impaired hearing, being accepted into such a prestigious school brought her immense joy. This achievement highlighted her determination and passion for music.

Q15. When was Evelyn’s deafness first noticed? When was it confirmed?
Ans: Evelyn's deafness was first noticed when she was eight years old. Her mother became aware something was wrong when Evelyn did not respond to her name during a piano performance. It was confirmed at the age of eleven after her poor academic performance prompted her parents to consult a specialist. The examination revealed that her hearing was severely impaired due to gradual nerve damage.

Q16. Why had Evelyn’s headmistress advised her parents to take her to a specialist?
Ans: Evelyn managed to hide her increasing deafness from her classmates and teachers for a while. However, by the age of eleven, her academic performance started to decline. This prompted her headmistress to recommend that her parents seek advice from a specialist.

Q17. What advice were the parents of Evelyn given once her deafness was confirmed?
Ans: Once Evelyn's deafness was confirmed, her parents received crucial advice. They were recommended to obtain hearing aids for her and to enrol her in a special school tailored for deaf children.

Q18. “Everything suddenly looked black”. Why does Evelyn say so?
Ans: When Evelyn was advised to use hearing aids and attend a school for the deaf, she felt that her future was bleak. Overwhelmed by depression, her dreams seemed lost, and she felt like a disabled child unable to lead a normal life.

Q19. How did Evelyn Glennie respond to the discovery of her deafness?
Ans: Upon discovering her deafness due to gradual nerve damage, Evelyn Glennie refused to give up. She aimed to lead a normal life and pursue her passion for music. Her mother first noticed something was wrong when eight-year-old Evelyn did not respond when her name was called. For a while, Evelyn managed to hide her growing deafness from friends and teachers. However, by the age of eleven, her academic performance declined, leading her headmistress to recommend a specialist. It was confirmed that she had a severe hearing impairment, and she was advised to use hearing aids and attend a school for the deaf. Feeling disheartened, Evelyn was determined not to let this setback define her. Inspired by a girl playing the xylophone, Evelyn decided she wanted to play too. Despite discouragement from her teachers, percussionist Ron Forbes recognised her talent and guided her to sense music through vibrations. He encouraged her to feel different notes in various parts of her body, allowing her to connect with music in a unique way.

Q20. How did Evelyn’s teachers respond when she expressed her desire to play the xylophone?
Ans: Evelyn has always had a strong passion for music. Despite her deafness, she was inspired to play the xylohpone after watching another girl perform. However, many of her teachers were doubtful about her abilities and discouraged her from pursuing this interest. Fortunately, percussionist Ron Forbes recognised her potential. He encouraged her by tuning two large drums to different notes and advised her to "sense it some other way" rather than relying on her hearing. Evelyn soon realised she could feel the vibrations of the drums in different parts of her body. This breakthrough allowed her to connect with music uniquely, leading to her determination and hard work in achieving her musical dreams.

Q21. Who wiped Evelyn to continue with music? What did he do and say?
Ans: Ron Forbes, a talented percussionist, played a vital role in helping Evelyn continue her music journey. While many teachers discouraged her, Forbes recognised her potential and took action. He tuned two large drums to different notes and encouraged Evelyn to train her body to sense music in a new way. He advised her, “Don’t listen through your ears; try to sense it some other way.” Evelyn soon realised she could feel the higher drum from the waist up and the lower one from the waist down. This innovative approach allowed her to open her mind and body to sounds and vibrations, paving the way for her remarkable success in music.

Q22. How did Evelyn open her mind and body to musical sounds and vibrations?
Ans: Evelyn opened her mind and body to musical sounds and vibrations with the help of Ron Forbes. He taught her to listen using different parts of her body instead of just her ears. This method enabled her to become more aware of various sounds and vibrations in music, compensating for her hearing loss by enhancing her sensitivity in other areas. She learned to feel the higher drum from the waist up and the lower one from the waist down. With practice, Evelyn discovered she could sense specific notes in different parts of her body. She expressed, “I had learnt to open my mind and body to sounds and vibrations.” Her determination and hard work allowed her to connect deeply with music.

Q23. Why does Evelyn say that men with bushy beards give her trouble?
Ans: Evelyn states that men with bushy beards give her trouble because she needs to see their entire face, especially their eyes, to understand what they are saying. Observing only their lips is not enough, as the beard often partially hides them.

Q24. Which qualities of character enabled Evelyn to move ahead in life?
Ans: Unfaltering determination and hard work enabled Evelyn to advance in life without looking back. Instead of succumbing to her disability, she chose to overcome it and live a normal life. Her journey showcases her resilience and commitment, leading to remarkable success in the music world. Evelyn dedicated herself fully to her passion for music, despite facing numerous challenges. With the encouragement of percussionist Ron Forbes, she discovered her unique ability to sense sound through vibrations in her body. Forbes guided her to feel the music rather than listen to it, which opened her mind to new possibilities. Through sheer determination and hard work, Evelyn never looked back. She toured the UK with a youth orchestra and, by the age of sixteen, decided to pursue music as her career. Her exceptional talent led her to the Royal Academy of Music, where she achieved outstanding results, capturing numerous awards.

Q25. How did Evelyn get admission to the Royal Academy of Music, London?
Ans: Evelyn auditioned for the Royal Academy of Music in London, delivering an exceptional performance. Her talent earned her one of the highest scores in the academy's history, leading to her selection for a three-year course.

Q26. What were Evelyn’s achievements after she joined the Royal Academy of Music, London?
Ans: At the Royal Academy of Music in London, Evelyn began her journey as an orchestra performer and soon transitioned to solo performances. By the end of her three-year course, she had achieved remarkable milestones. She moved from orchestral work to solo performances, gaining recognition for her talent by winning the top awards at the Academy. Notably, she scored one of the highest marks in the Academy's history during her audition. Her journey is a testament to her determination and hard work, leading to significant accomplishments in the music world.

Q27. What is Evelyn’s view of her achievements?
Ans: Evelyn is quite modest about her achievements and does not see them as heroic. She believes that with clear goals and hard work, anyone can succeed. For her, it is this dedication that has led to her accomplishments.

Q28. What reveals that Evelyn has succeeded immensely in her career?
Ans: Evelyn's remarkable success in her career is highlighted by several significant achievements. She has mastered approximately one thousand musical instruments and is renowned internationally as a percussionist. In 1991, she was honoured with the prestigious Soloist of the Year Award from the Royal Philharmonic Society. Her commitment to music extends beyond performances; she dedicates time to giving free concerts in prisons and hospitals, showcasing her dedication to community service. Additionally, Evelyn prioritises teaching young musicians, inspiring them to chase their dreams. Her accomplishments are impressive, as she has achieved more than many people twice her age, successfully bringing percussion to the forefront of orchestras. Evelyn's journey exemplifies her determination and hard work, proving that with effort and focus, success is indeed attainable.

Q29. Name the various places and causes for which Evelyn performs.
Ans: Evelyn performs in a variety of venues and for numerous causes. She regularly holds concerts around the world, providing free performances in prisons and hospitals. Additionally, she prioritises teaching by conducting classes for young musicians, inspiring them to pursue their passion for music.

Q30. Who is James Blades? What is his opinion about Evelyn’s talent?
Ans: James Blades is a celebrated master percussionist who holds a strong opinion about Evelyn's talent. He believes that even though she has lost her hearing, she has gained something extraordinary. He asserts that the audience feels what she experiences on a much deeper level than other percussionists do. This unique ability enables her to express music in a truly beautiful manner.

Q31. How is Evelyn an inspiration for handicapped people?
Ans: Evelyn's achievements are a strong example for those with disabilities. Her journey shows that determination and hard work can lead to success. Her story inspires confidence, proving that overcoming challenges is possible. By demonstrating that she can achieve her dreams despite her handicap, Evelyn encourages others to believe in themselves and pursue their own aspirations.

Q32. What is Evelyn’s contribution to percussion?
Ans: Evelyn has made remarkable contributions to percussion by bringing it to the forefront of the orchestra. She has shown that music from percussion instruments can be deeply moving and emotionally impactful. Evelyn inspires others, particularly those with disabilities, to follow their passions. She performs in various venues, including prisons and hospitals, and places great importance on educating young musicians. Her achievements demonstrate that, despite challenges, one can excel in music and touch the hearts of many.

Q33. What did Aurangzeb do to the playing of pungi in his royal residence?

Ans:Aurangzeb prohibited the playing of the pungi in his royal residence because of its shrill and unpleasant sound. In an effort to enhance the instrument's tonal quality, a barber from a family of musicians sought to improve it. He crafted a longer and broader pipe with a natural hollow stem and added seven holes to modify the sound. By skillfully opening and closing these holes, he produced soft and melodious tones. This improved instrument captivated the royal audience and was eventually named the shehnai, as it was first played in the Shah's chambers. Over time, the sound of the shehnai became associated with auspicious occasions, making it a vital part of North Indian weddings and temple ceremonies.

Q34. Why did Aurangzeb ban the playing of pungi in his royal residence?
Ans: Aurangzeb banned the playing of pungi in his royal residence because its sound was shrill and unpleasant. This instrument, known for its harsh tones, did not fit the peaceful atmosphere of the palace. To enhance the musical quality, a barber from a family of musicians created a new instrument. He designed a longer and broader pipe with seven holes, which produced softer and more melodious sounds. This innovation led to the instrument being named shehnai, as it was first played in the Shah's chambers.

Q35. Which family did the barber belong to?
Ans: The barber came from a family of professional musicians. This background provided him with the skills and knowledge needed to enhance the tonal quality of the pungi, transforming it into the shehnai. His efforts led to the creation of a new instrument that produced soft and melodious sounds, which captivated audiences, including royalty. This innovation marked a significant moment in the history of Indian music.

Q36. Who invented `Shehnai’?
Ans: A barber in Aurangzeb's court invented the shehnai to improve the sound of the pungi, which had been banned due to its harsh tone. He crafted a longer and broader pipe with seven holes, enhancing its tonal quality. The shehnai's sound became associated with auspicious occasions, making it essential for North Indian weddings and temple ceremonies. The revival of the shehnai as a classical instrument is largely attributed to Ustad Bismillah Khan, who played a significant role in popularising it. His dedication and talent helped elevate the shehnai to a prominent position in Indian classical music.

Q37. How many holes does a Shehnai have on its body?
Ans: The shehnai has a total of seven holes on its body. These holes are crucial for creating its distinct and melodious sound. By covering and uncovering these holes, musicians can produce a wide range of notes and tones, allowing for expressive performances.

Q38. Where was Bismillah Khan born?
Ans: Bismillah Khan was born in Dumraon, a town located in Bihar.

Q39. When was Bismillah Khan born?
Ans: Bismillah Khan was born on 21 March 1916.

Q40. Which highest civilian award in India was conferred on Bismillah Khan?
Ans: The Bharat Ratna is India's highest civilian award, which was awarded to Ustad Bismillah Khan in 2001. This prestigious honour recognises outstanding service to the nation. Bismillah Khan was renowned for his contributions to Indian classical music. He expressed his happiness by encouraging others to teach music to children, emphasising its cultural importance.

Q41. What was the name of Bismillah’s grandfather?
Ans: Bismillah Khan's grandfather was named Rasool Bux Khan.

Q42. What was the name of Bismillah’s father?
Ans: His father was named Paigambar Bux.

Q43. What was the profession of Bismillah’s paternal ancestors?
Ans: Bismillah Khan's paternal ancestors were highly regarded for their remarkable talent as shehnai players. This musical heritage was a significant aspect of their identity, with Bismillah's family being well-known in the realm of traditional Indian music.

Q44. Who was Ali Bux?
Ans: Ali Bux was the maternal uncle of Bismillah Khan.

Q45. When was All India Radio in Lucknow was opened?
Ans: All India Radio in Lucknow was inaugurated in 1938.

Q46. What is Bismillah Khan’s special achievement on 15 August 1947?
Ans: Bismillah Khan made history on 15 August 1947 by becoming the first Indian to greet the nation with his shehnai. On this significant day, he performed Raag Kafi from the Red Fort, captivating an audience that included Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, who later delivered his famous 'Tryst with Destiny' speech.

Q47. To which foreign country did Bismillah Khan go on his first trip?

Ans: Bismillah Khan's first trip abroad was to Afghanistan. During this visit, he performed for King Zahir Shah, who was so impressed by his talent that he gifted Bismillah valuable Persian carpets and other souvenirs.

Q48. Which film was made by Vijay Matt after hearing Bismillah’s Shehnai?
Ans: Gunj Uthi Shehnai is the film directed by Vijay Bhatt, inspired by Bismillah Khan's enchanting performance of the shehnai at a festival. The film achieved significant success, becoming a chartbuster. One of Bismillah Khan's songs, 'Dil ka khilona hai toot gaya', gained immense popularity across the nation. Despite this success, Bismillah's contributions to film music were limited to two films: Gunj Uthi Shehnai and Sanadhi Apanna. Bismillah Khan expressed his discomfort with the artificiality of the film industry, stating, "I just can't come to terms with the glamour of the film world."

Q49. Which auditorium is named after Bismillah Khan in Tehran?
Ans: The auditorium named after Bismillah Khan in Tehran is called Tahar Mosiquee Ustaad Bismillah Khan.

Q50. What name is Bismillah Khan fondly called? 
Ans: Bismillah Khan is affectionately known as Khansaab.

Q51. When Bismillah Khan was in Mumbai, he missed two things badly. Name those two things. 
Ans: While in Mumbai, Bismillah Khan deeply missed Benaras and the Ganga. These two places held significant emotional value for him, representing his roots and cultural heritage.

Q52. What did one of his students in the U.S.A. want him to do?
Ans: One of his students in the U.S.A. requested him to lead a Shehnai school. The student promised to recreate the atmosphere of Benaras by building temples similar to those found there. However, Khansaab humorously questioned whether he could also bring the River Ganga along.

Q53. Why did Aurangzeb ban the playing of the pungi?
Ans: Emperor Aurangzeb banned the playing of the pungi because he found its sound to be loud and unpleasant. He believed that the pungi produced a shrill noise unsuitable for the royal court and lacked the musical quality expected in such a setting. Consequently, the pungi was prohibited within the royal residence.

Q54. Why did the pungi become a generic name for “reeded noisemakers”?
Ans: The pungi is known for its loud and harsh sound, which led to its prohibition by Aurangzeb in the royal palace. This unpleasant noise, produced from a reed, caused the term to become a generic name for “reeded noisemakers.” The pungi creates jarring music, which was deemed unsuitable for the royal environment. Its construction from a reed further contributed to this classification.

Q55. How is a ‘shehnai’ different from a pungi?
Ans: The shehnai and pungi are both types of reeded instruments, yet they differ significantly. The shehnai features a longer and broader stem than the pungi, which contributes to its unique sound. While the shehnai produces soft, melodious tones, the pungi is known for its loud and jarring noise. These distinct characteristics have made the shehnai a popular choice for traditional ceremonies, where its sound is often considered auspicious. In contrast, the pungi is generally perceived as a less refined instrument.

Q56. Who revived the pungi, and what shape did it take?
Ans: When Aurangzeb banned the pungi in the royal palace, a barber from a family of musicians took the initiative to revive it. He made significant improvements to the instrument by using a longer and wider hollow stem and adding seven holes to enhance its sound. The modified pungi produced soft and melodious tones. After performing it for royalty, the instrument, which was quite different from the original pungi, was named the shehnai. This name was inspired by its first performance in the Shah's chambers by a nai (barber). The sound of the shehnai soon became associated with auspicious occasions, making it a staple at weddings and religious ceremonies.

Q57. How did the ‘shehnai’ get its name?
Ans: The name shehnai is thought to originate from two words: shah, meaning emperor, and nai, meaning barber. According to legend, a barber, who was part of a family of musicians, enhanced the traditional instrument known as the pungi. He crafted a longer and broader pipe with seven holes to improve its sound quality. When he played this new instrument in the emperor's chamber, the soft and melodious tones captivated the audience. Since it was first performed in the Shah's presence by a nai, the instrument was aptly named the shehnai, reflecting both its royal association and the skill of its creator.

Q58. Why was the shehnai played in temples and weddings?
Ans: The shehnai is cherished for its melodic and soft sound, which is regarded as auspicious. This belief has led to its prominent use in various settings. In temples, the shehnai is played during religious ceremonies, enriching the spiritual atmosphere. Similarly, it plays a vital role in weddings, particularly in North India, where it symbolises joy and celebration. Historically, the shehnai was part of the naubat, a traditional ensemble of nine instruments used in royal courts. Its revival in classical music is largely attributed to Ustad Bismillah Khan, who successfully popularised it beyond its ceremonial origins.

Q59. Where was the shehnai played traditionally? How did Bismillah Khan change it?
Ans: Traditionally, the shehnai was played in royal courts as part of a group of nine instruments known as naubat. However, Bismillah Khan transformed the shehnai into a solo instrument, significantly enhancing its status in classical music. His efforts made the shehnai widely regarded as auspicious, leading to its common use in temples and weddings. Previously, the shehnai was primarily associated with royal ceremonies and religious events. Bismillah Khan's dedication and talent brought this instrument to the forefront of classical music, allowing it to gain recognition beyond its traditional roles.

Q60. Where did Bismillah Khan usually sing at the age of five? How was he rewarded, and by whom?
Ans: At the age of five, Bismillah Khan frequently sang the Bhojpuri chaita at the Bihariji temple in his hometown of Dumraon, Bihar. After his performance, he was rewarded with a large laddu weighing 1.25 kg, which was given to him as a prize by the local Maharaja.

Q61. What does the feature “The Shehnai of Bismillah Khan”, tell us about the paternal ancestors of Bismillah Khan?
Ans: Bismillah Khan hailed from a renowned family of musicians in Bihar. His grandfather, Rasool Bux Khan, served as a shehnai player in the royal court of the Bhojpur king. His father, Paigambar Bux, was also a talented shehnai player. Additionally, many of his paternal and maternal uncles were accomplished shehnai vaadaks, further highlighting the musical legacy within his family.

Q62. Who was Ali Bux? Where was he employed, and what was his influence on Bismillah Khan?
Ans: Ali Bux was the maternal uncle of Bismillah Khan and played a crucial role as his mentor and trainer. He was a skilled shehnai player employed at the Vishnu temple in Benaras. From a young age, Bismillah accompanied Ali Bux to the temple, where he would spend hours captivated by his uncle's music. This exposure inspired him to learn the instrument himself. Under Ali Bux's guidance, Bismillah practised diligently, often throughout the day. The temple and the banks of the Ganga became his favourite places to hone his skills in solitude. The flowing waters of the Ganga motivated him to create new raagas, expanding the possibilities of the shehnai. At just 14 years old, Bismillah performed at the Allahabad Music Conference, where Ustad Faiyaz Khan encouraged him, saying, “Work hard and you shall make it.” His significant breakthrough came with the launch of All India Radio in Lucknow in 1938, marking the beginning of his illustrious career.

Q63. Which places were young Bismillah Khan’s favourite haunts for practising music? Why?
Ans: Young Bismillah Khan's favourite places for practising music were the temples of Balaji and Mangala Maiya, as well as the banks of the Ganga. These locations provided him with the solitude needed to focus on his music. The gentle flow of the Ganga inspired him to improvise and create new ragas, allowing him to explore musical ideas that were previously considered beyond the capabilities of the shehnai.

Q64. When and how did Bismillah Khan get his big break?
Ans: Bismillah Khan received his big break in 1938 with the launch of All India Radio in Lucknow. He was regularly invited to perform on the radio, which helped him gain fame as a talented shehnai player.

Q65. Where did Bismillah Khan play the shehnai on August 15, 1947? Why was the event historic?
Ans: Bismillah Khan played the shehnai on August 15, 1947, at the Red Fort in New Delhi, just before Pandit Nehru's speech. This event was historic because it marked the day India gained independence from British rule. Bismillah Khan was the first Indian to greet the nation with his performance, pouring his heart into Raag Kafi. His music symbolised the dawn of a new era in India's history, resonating with the spirit of freedom and national pride.

Q66. Where did Bismillah Khan go on his first foreign trip? How was he honoured there?
Ans: Bismillah Khan's first foreign trip was to Afghanistan. During this visit, he performed a shehnai recital for King Zahir Shah, who was deeply impressed by his talent. In recognition of his performance, the king honoured Bismillah Khan with priceless Persian carpets and various other souvenirs as tokens of appreciation.

Q67. Why did the film director Vijay Bhatt name his film “Gunj Uthi Shehnai“?
Ans: Film director Vijay Bhatt named his film Gunj Uthi Shehnai after being captivated by a performance by Bismillah Khan at a festival. His admiration for the shehnai, an instrument known for its beautiful sound, inspired the title of the film. The film was a success, featuring one of Bismillah Khan's songs, 'Dil ka khilona hai toot gaya', which became a nationwide hit. However, Bismillah's contributions to film music were limited to just two projects: Bhatt's Gunj Uthi Shehnai and a Kannada film. He expressed discomfort with the artificiality of the film industry, preferring the authenticity of his musical roots.

Q68. Which films did Bismillah Khan provide music for? Why did he discontinue playing the shehnai for films?
Ans: Bismillah Khan made his entry into the film industry with the movie Gunj Uthi Shehnai, directed by Vijay Bhatt. He also composed music for a Kannada film called Samadhi Apanna. Despite his initial success, he decided to step away from film music for a couple of reasons. Firstly, he believed that the artificiality and glamour of the film industry clashed with his musical principles. Secondly, he felt that his style was better suited to traditional performances rather than the cinematic environment.

Q69. How was Bismillah Khan’s music appreciated and recognized on the international level?
Ans: Bismillah Khan's music gained considerable international recognition. He was the first Indian to perform at the prestigious Lincoln Centre Hall in the USA. His participation in significant events, such as the World Exposition in Montreal, the Cannes Art Festival, and the Osaka Trade Fair, further showcased his talent. In honour of his contributions, an auditorium in Tehran was named after him, known as Tahar Mosiquee Ustaad Bismillah Khan. Additionally, he received numerous national awards, including the Padmashri, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Vibhushan, culminating in India’s highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna, in 2001.

Q70. How did India honour and reward the great musician, Bismillah Khan?
Ans: India honoured Bismillah Khan with several prestigious awards. He was conferred the Padma Shri, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Vibhushan. In 2001, he received the Bharat Ratna, which is the highest civilian award in India. His musical contributions gained international recognition. Bismillah Khan was the first Indian to perform at the Lincoln Centre Hall in the USA. He also participated in notable events such as the World Exposition in Montreal, the Cannes Art Festival, and the Osaka Trade Fair. Furthermore, an auditorium in Tehran was named in his honour: Tahar Mosiquee Ustaad Bismillah Khan. With his numerous awards, he inspired many by stating, "Teach your children music; this is Hindustan's richest tradition."

Q71. Why did Bismillah Khan want the children in India to be taught music?
Ans: Bismillah Khan had a profound love for Indian music, considering Hindustani music an essential part of the nation's heritage. He believed it was crucial for children to maintain their connection to this rich tradition and to appreciate the importance of music, which has even attracted audiences in the West. By teaching music, he aimed to ensure that future generations would continue to value and promote this cultural legacy.

Q72. What offer did one of Bismillah Khan’s students in the US make to him? Why?
Ans: A student of Bismillah Khan, who had settled in the U.S., offered the maestro a position as the head of a shehnai school. This offer aimed to promote the rich tradition of Indian music abroad.

Q73. Why did Bismillah Khan refuse to start a shehnai school in the U.S.A.?
Ans: Bismillah Khan was a devoted patriot with a deep love for Benaras and Dumraon in India. His connection to the sacred Ganga was profound, leading him to decline the chance to settle in the U.S.A. and establish a shehnai school there. He believed that even if the atmosphere of Benaras could be recreated, it could never capture the essence of the Ganga. He often expressed his longing for Hindustan, stating that whenever he was abroad, he yearned to see his homeland. While in Mumbai, he thought only of Benaras and the holy Ganga, and when in Benaras, he missed the unique mattha of Dumraon.

Q74. Why does the author believe that Bismillah Khan’s life is “a perfect example of the rich, cultural heritage of India”?
Ans: Bismillah Khan's life is a perfect example of the rich cultural heritage of India for several reasons. Firstly, India's liberal attitude towards various communities and religions creates a diverse cultural landscape. Bismillah Khan, a devout Muslim, played the shehnai at the Kashi Vishwanath temple every morning, which highlights the harmony between different faiths. Furthermore, his life reflects the blend of various castes and creeds that characterise Indian culture, showcasing the unity in diversity that defines the nation.

Q75. Find instances in the text that tell you that Bismillah Khan loved India and Benaras.
Ans: Bismillah Khan's love for India and Benaras is clear through various instances. He turned down an opportunity to lead a shehnai school in the US, despite his students' promises to recreate the atmosphere of Indian temples. In his acceptance speech for the Bharat Ratna, he referred to Hindustani music as India's greatest heritage. He also expressed a strong connection to his roots, mentioning that while abroad, he longed to see Hindustan, particularly missing the holy Ganga and the unique mattha of Dumraon. When asked about moving to Pakistan during Partition, he resolutely stated he would never leave Benaras.

Q76. How did Evelyn sense the sounds and vibrations of the music?
Ans: Evelyn senses the sounds and vibrations of music by opening her mind and body to it. She feels different notes through various parts of her body, experiencing a tingling sensation in her skin, cheekbones, and even her hair. When she plays the xylophone, she can sense the sound travelling up the stick into her fingertips. By leaning against the drums, she feels the resonances flowing into her body. On a wooden platform, she removes her shoes, allowing the vibrations to pass through her bare feet and up her legs.

Q77. What was the contribution of Forbes in helping Evelyn to learn music?
Ans: Forbes played a crucial role in Evelyn's musical development by helping her connect with sound in a different way. He encouraged her to sense sounds and vibrations through her body instead of relying solely on her hearing. By tuning two large drums to different notes, he guided her to feel the differences. Evelyn discovered that she could perceive higher notes from the waist up and lower notes from the waist down. This innovative approach allowed her to open her mind and body to sounds and vibrations, which became the foundation for her determination and hard work in music.

Q78. How was Evelyn a source of great pleasure to her audience?
Ans: Evelyn brought great pleasure to her audience for several reasons. Firstly, she was very young and performed admirably despite her handicap. Her musical talent was remarkable, often surpassing that of individuals twice her age. Moreover, she served as an inspiration for others with disabilities, showing them that they too could achieve their dreams. Ultimately, her performances have brought immense joy to millions around the world.

Q79. How is Evelyn able to express music so beautifully?
Ans: Evelyn expresses music beautifully despite being deaf because she can feel music more deeply than most. This unique ability allows her to connect with music in a profound way. She experiences music through her entire body; vibrations resonate in her skin, cheekbones, and even her hair. When playing instruments, she senses sounds in different parts of her body. As master percussionist James Blades noted, although Evelyn has lost her hearing, she has gained an extraordinary way to experience and express music.

Q80. How was Evelyn able to get admission to the Royal Academy of Music?
Ans: Ron Forbes recognised Evelyn's musical potential early on, which sparked her determination to pursue a career in music. By the age of sixteen, she had fully committed to her passion. She auditioned for the Royal Academy of Music and achieved one of the highest scores in the academy's history. Forbes encouraged her to experience music through vibrations instead of relying solely on hearing. He taught her to feel different notes in various parts of her body, allowing her to open her mind and body to sounds. This unique approach, combined with her hard work and determination, enabled her to excel in music. After completing her three-year course, Evelyn won several prestigious awards, showcasing her talent and dedication to her craft.

Q81. Why does Evelyn remove her shoes on the wooden platform?
Ans: Evelyn removes her shoes on the wooden platform to enhance her musical experience. This allows the vibrations from the instruments to travel through her bare feet and up her legs. By doing this, she can feel the music throughout her body, creating a deeper connection with the sounds. Additionally, when she leans against the drums, she perceives the echoes flowing into her, further enriching her experience. This unique approach helps her connect profoundly with the music she plays.

Q82. How did Ron Forbes give Evelyn training in music?
Ans: Ron Forbes provided Evelyn with exceptional music training by using two large drums, each tuned to different notes. He encouraged her to feel the music instead of just listening. Evelyn discovered that she could sense the higher drum from the waist up and the lower drum from the waist down. Forbes reinforced this method until she could perceive specific notes in various parts of her body. She described this experience as learning to open her mind and body to sounds and vibrations, which became the foundation of her musical journey.

Q83. Where did Bismillah Khan play the Shehnai on 15 August 1947? Why was the event historic?
Ans: Bismillah Khan played the Shehnai from the Red Fort on 15th August 1947. This event was historic because he was the first Indian to greet the nation on its first Independence Day. His performance was attended by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister, along with many prominent leaders. During this momentous occasion, Bismillah Khan performed Raag Kafi, pouring his heart into the music.

Q84. What were the recurring themes of Bismillah Khan’s music?
Ans: Bismillah Khan's music was deeply rooted in his Indian heritage, showcasing several recurring themes. His compositions were influenced by the spiritual essence of temples, reflecting the ethical values found within them. Additionally, his music highlighted the significance of human relationships, conveying the importance of connections among people. Furthermore, the natural beauty of the Ganga inspired him, motivating him to create and enhance various ragas.

Q85. How did pungi come to be named Whehnai’?
Ans: A barber from a family of musicians aimed to improve the pungi by creating a longer and broader pipe with a hollow stem. He added seven holes along the pipe, allowing him to produce soft, melodious sounds by covering and uncovering these holes. When he performed for the king, the audience was enchanted by this new instrument. Since it was played by a barber in the Shah's chambers, it was named shehnai to differentiate it from the original pungi.