Crafts of Jharkhand - 3 | Jharkhand State (JPSC) PSC: Preparation - JPSC (Jharkhand) PDF Download

Wadhya Yantra Shilp

• Fine arts in Jharkhand often feature local elements, which helps maintain their distinct identity. Art forms are shaped by locally available materials and methods, resulting in unique expressions. The tribes of Jharkhand use local clay for their art, which exemplifies the beauty of their traditional sculptures and craftsmanship.
• Even today, using techniques from the Neolithic era, artisans create hand-crafted utensils, toys, and daily items.
• Soil sculptures and toys are entirely handmade, crafted in various sizes and shapes with the use of chalk and molds. Additionally, clay stoves and other items are also made from soil.
• While metal crafts are practiced universally, they are notably established in specific areas of Jharkhand, including Lohardaga, Ranchi, Deoghar, and Umka.

Awnadh Instrument

• In Jharkhand, leather instruments are the most numerous among musical instruments. The region features a variety of leather instruments, including the Maadar or Madhal, Dhol, Dhak, Dusha (Dhooha), Nagda, Karaha, Tasa, Judi Nagra, Oddi, Dakki, and Chupu Chu. Among these, the Maadar, Dhol, Dhak, and Damro are primary rhythm instruments, each used to play different types of beats. 
• Ghumsa, Karaha, Tasa, and Juhi-Nagra are secondary rhythm instruments that complement the main rhythm instruments. Additionally, instruments like the Mother and drum are used in ceremonial contexts, while Damru and Oddi are played in conjunction with dance instruments.

Susheer Instrument

• In Jharkhand, several fine musical instruments are notable, including the Bansuri, Adwasi, Sagai (Shehnai), Madan-bheri, Liya, and Shankh.
• Beats are central to these instruments. Among them, the Bansuri is a key melodic instrument used primarily for playing songs. It is also employed for creating tunes and maintaining rhythm in various musical settings.

Tat Instrument

• The string instruments in this category include the Nayy, Ektara (Gupidantra), Sarangi, Tuilala, Geuag, and Anand Lahari. Instruments like Cadie, Wangi, Tuilah, and Ektara are primarily used for vocal music, sometimes played solo without vocals. 
• Geow and Anand Lahari are mainly used for rhythm, providing support for both pitch and rhythm in performance.