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Decline of Mughal Empire Video Lecture | History CUET Preparation - Humanities/Arts

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1. What were the major factors that led to the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. The decline of the Mughal Empire can be attributed to several factors, including political instability, economic challenges, religious conflicts, and the increasing influence of European powers. The weak leadership of later Mughal rulers, such as Aurangzeb, also contributed to the downfall.
2. How did political instability contribute to the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. Political instability played a significant role in the decline of the Mughal Empire. The constant power struggles among the Mughal princes and regional governors weakened the central authority, leading to a fragmented empire. This division made it easier for rival kingdoms and foreign powers to challenge the Mughals' control.
3. What impact did economic challenges have on the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. Economic challenges, such as the decline in agricultural productivity, inflation, and excessive taxation, severely weakened the Mughal Empire. The empire heavily relied on revenue from agriculture, and the decline in productivity led to a decrease in revenue. The excessive taxation burdened the common people, leading to social unrest and a decline in the overall economy.
4. How did religious conflicts contribute to the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. Religious conflicts played a significant role in the decline of the Mughal Empire. The policies of Aurangzeb, who enforced Islamic orthodoxy and persecuted non-Muslims, alienated large sections of the population and triggered rebellions. These conflicts not only weakened the empire internally but also provided an opportunity for rival kingdoms and European powers to exploit the divisions.
5. How did the increasing influence of European powers contribute to the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. The increasing influence of European powers, particularly the British, had a detrimental impact on the Mughal Empire. The British East India Company gradually established control over various regions, exploiting the weakened central authority and engaging in economic exploitation. The Battle of Plassey in 1757 marked a significant turning point when the British gained control over Bengal, further undermining the Mughals' power and influence.
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