Demographic Profile of Bihar | BPSC Preparation: All subjects - BPSC (Bihar) PDF Download

Introduction

Bihar, as of 2011, is the third most populous state in India, highlighting its significance in terms of human resources. The state has a high birth rate of 27.7 per 1000 people and a low death rate of 6.7 per 1000, contributing to its large population. Bihar accounts for approximately 8.6% of India's total population.

Population Overview

According to the 2011 Census, Bihar has a total population of 10,40,99,452 individuals. The gender distribution shows 5,42,78,157 males (52.14%) and 4,98,21,295 females (47.86%). The state has a predominantly rural population, with 9,23,41,436 people living in rural areas compared to 1,17,58,016 in urban settings. Bihar ranks third in India for population, following Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra.

Child Population

Bihar has a significant child population (aged 0-6 years), totaling 1,91,33,964, which is the second highest in India. This demographic is crucial for the state's future development and resource planning.

District Population

• Among Bihar's districts, Patna and East Champaran are the only ones with populations exceeding 50 lakh (5 million).
• Conversely, three districts—Arwal, Sheohar, and Sheikhpura—have populations below 10 lakh (1 million).

Districts of Bihar with Highest and Lowest Population

Three Districts of Bihar with Highest Population

• Patna: 58,38,465
• East Champaran: 50,99,371
• Muzaffarpur: 48,01,062

Three Districts of Bihar with Lowest Population

• Sheikhpura: 6,36,342
• Sheohar: 6,56,246
• Arwal: 7,00,843

Population Growth Rate of Bihar

• According to the 2011 census, Bihar's total population growth rate is 25.42%.
• The pattern of population growth in Bihar has changed over the decades:
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  • 1901 to 1921: Population growth was very slow.
  • 1921 to 1951: Population growth gradually increased.

Three Districts with Highest Population Growth

• Madhepura: 31.12%
• Kishanganj: 30.40%
• Araria: 30.25%

Three Districts with Lowest Population Growth

• Gopalganj: 18.89%
• Darbhanga: 19.02%
• Madhubani: 19.47%

Population Density of Bihar

• According to the 2011 census, Bihar has the highest population density in India, with 1,106 persons per square kilometer.
• This represents an increase of 225 persons per square kilometer since 2001.
• In terms of population density, Bihar ranks sixth among all states and union territories in India and first among all states.
• Bihar's population density is 724 persons per square kilometer higher than the national average of 382 persons per square kilometer.
• All districts in Bihar have a population density higher than the national average.

Three Districts of Bihar with Highest Population Density

• Patna: 1,880 persons per square kilometer
• Muzaffarpur: 1,823 persons per square kilometer
• Nalanda: 1,728 persons per square kilometer