Equilibrium in Physical Processes Video Lecture | Science for ACT

hello friends this video on equilibrium
part 2 is got Cuba is I'm Pierre calm no
more fear from exam before watching the
video please make sure that you have
watched part 1 so there are various
types of Danny Williams the first is a
physical one I'm going to talk about the
subtypes of physical medium that is
solid liquid equilibrium in solid
technically and we have solid and we
have liquid they are liquid medium then
we have liquid vapor equilibrium so we
see in the liquid with a helium and then
he has solid wave for equilibrium solid
and the vapors mice this before true and
then we have the solution of solids
liquid as we have talked about you
dissolve through a sugar or salt in the
in the glass coordinate and the
dissolution of solids in the liquid then
we have something called insulation of
gas and liquid you must have seen the
coke bottle the moment you open up you
see the bubbles if you see these bubbles
here right the bubbles comes up why it
comes up because these gas was already
dissolved in this liquid when do you
open the pressure decrease in it came up
we will discuss about this how how it
happened but but we have seen here the
gas ardaas our guests are dissolved
liquid and then we have something called
chemical equilibrium where we have two
chemicals combine to form C and E this
is F or you can use this fashion where
you can say that a and B are any clearly
ended seeing less that's what about this
liasing it to reactants reacting
products in equilibrium and the types of
chemical reaction we have in normal
chemical reactions or vibration or the
hydration of sort so we will discuss all
these things energy
let me repeat once again because this is
the basic structure of the chapter solid
liquid equilibrium
so when we say that solid pits and the
eyes is in equilibrium with what how you
see this eyes and limitation time bells
right equilibrium here then we have
called liquid vapor in equilibrium we
have water vapor and the water they
included sometimes when you boil it or
solvent vapor if you mean also we have
in some case for sublimate substance and
then we have a dissolution of solid
liquid we have foreign like sodium
chloride sugar we dissolve liquids water
yeah
functional gas liquid we see the coke or
soda will use it has bubbles that is
nothing but gases is on the liquid and
then will have chemical reactions will
discuss three image let's talk about the
dynamic physical equally robust as it on
in physical equilibrium there is no
change of chemical body is not there is
no change of Kingdom body that is the
basic difference between the physical
equipment needed physical equilibrium we
don't change the chemical rock but in
chemical equilibrium change example we
will talk about other suppose I have HCl
it gives its cl- ions right so this here
we are changing the chemical power this
is only clear because it's a very strong
yes it will discuss all this things in
the next few slides we'll talk about
which kind of chemicals goes for this
chemical real I think nh3 is one example
good example also can the first amp
which goes for intelligent anyway the
difference person later so we have
something called phase transformation
happens here right example solid to
liquid or we have liquid to gas this
example or we have solid to gas
also we have in the same case we have
cases where we dissolved solid or gas a
liquid please note we dissolve only if
we never talk about this all and solid
in gas or we let me talk about
dissolving gas in solid it's always been
dissolved because we love dissolving
that means you talk about it and what
you can you cannot dissolve it in a
liquid right that's nothing that's a
truly insane to say liquid in the liquid
there's nothing you cannot dissolve it
will be make sure but we talked about
dissolving solid and liquid or belonging
gas in liquid then we have this physical
equilibrium comes into play so when it
dissolves solid a liquid vehicle example
of dissolving sugar crystals or short
and water we talk about dissolving gas
liquid the good example is the coca-cola
or the showed up in Europe and you will
see the gas bubbles because the gas were
resolved with a little bit so let's
discuss all these things in detail so
you can talk about solid liquid
equilibrium we have a concept of melting
point note is that definition says for
any pure substance please note put your
substance at atmospheric pressure the
temperature at which my salt and liquid
phases are equilibrium that is called my
body medical and you know in this case
if you see I have ice here and this
Mel's this gets water they are
equilibria nursing some solid molecules
from this surface of the ice comes out
and becomes water and some of the
molecules from this water goes and
becomes ice and that's then it keeps
happening so if you see the observation
we have is both the process of melting
and cooling are happening simultaneously
and
they occur at the same they happen
simultaneously and talk about the same
so we talk about the melting point the
word equilibrium comes into picture
because the melting point is nothing but
the temperature at which the pure
substance at 1 atm presser is that in
that case my solid phase in the liquid
is an equilibrium patent which is called
binding so let us talk about the liquid
vapor a conveyor so let's suppose we
have this jar in the water and let's
give a little bit of heat in here little
bit of heat related so what will happen
is this will evaporate a little bit you
see the molecules will go up more
molecules will go up so if you see the
molecules are going up after some time
if you see the pressure will go up here
and now if you see the molecules are
going up and coming now it is happening
in good direction so what happened so a
list repeat once again earlier with heat
the molecules were is going up going up
and then the pressure build up the
pressure increase here and after some
time you see the molecules started going
up and down both at the same rate in the
same fashion so that if you see the rate
of evaporation here is equal to rate of
condensation right and that's what you
have equilibrium in this case it into
operation will do it of condensation an
example you can have is you can have
this kind of Jar three dimensions are
actually and put some calcium chloride
in this anhydrous what this is gassing
or I will do it it will take out all the
water molecules from this air here so
the air will become very dry once the
air is dried and the pressure is same
here what you do is you add some dish of
what layer just to see what don't even
need to have to heat so now my
evaporation box will take and the water
from here will go to this area right now
the water level will be less
and the vapor pressure will be created
you see the mercury River will go down
and then after some time it will attain
a fixed level it won't go down further
won't go down for them this is the
maximum little world it won't go down
further so at this point will happen is
the water of molecules since it was
going in this direction normals
now what will happen is some of them
will start coming in this direction also
so if you see there is equilibrium here
some are going some are coming and then
we see the level of the water is the
mercury level is constant and here also
if you see if now that is talk let's not
let it stop not it is dynamic the water
molecules are going mixing getting mixed
in the air and water molecules from the
air is coming getting cool down and
getting into water stage so if you see
this is my liquid and this is my
favorite there is a clear winter liquid
vapour here also we had this equilibrium
between liquid and with molecules keeps
right and if you see the same experiment
which we have this one is repeated with
the tile alcohol or acetone ether it is
observe that different liquids will have
different equilibrium demolition at same
temperature if we do this let terms with
higher ball you won't see that the
mercury will be here it be some very
different somewhere a predominance that
tool that the vapor pressure is
dependent on the chemical property of
the substance if you take water it will
be this much if you take the entire
column something else to take a seat oh
and something else so it will difficult
also one thing to notice that is
independent the vapor pressure here is
independent of amount of water even if
you take one later even if you take two
little doesn't matter you will get the
same value here that is something we
should
think why this even if they go on later
till it does not matter the vapor
pressure will come out to be same but if
you take methyl alcohol instead of what
the vapor pressure would leak it's not
about solid vapor opinion so we'll take
the example from Ohio D so we have a
solid iodine deficient in solid iodine
is how it looks and it sublimate it
stands it sublimates
easy and this is how my the gas irony
knows I have the yes and this is my
solid idea alright so if you see if you
keep this solidarity in this job or
sometimes what happens you will see this
reaction happen I to solid that iodine
solid you can equilibrium you can use
this symbol or you can use this symbol
also medium this is why this simple
because it says that the forward
reaction is happening in the backward
reaction nothing we'll talk more about
the symbol right it says that the
forward reaction happens and the
backward reaction also so what you do
you take a flask empty flask without any
air and without any iodine pink color I
already just take this empty flask with
a normal air and you put this hard in
solid and close the lid after some time
you see that this old ironing will
convert into gas and them the intensity
of pink color will increase will start
increasing will be light pink darker
after certain stage you see that the
intensity of pink color is constant it
won't increase but even if you see you
you see that some iodine's are here some
iodine is the
the black audience we should have put
some are still there but the intensity
this talk increasing logically if we
have more ideas it should it should
evaporate it should convert into gas
right because they are more earnings and
it should be more darker but that
doesn't happen after certain stage it
stops and that stage is caught and it
exists at a given temperature if you
increase only the temperature the color
of this will become lighter or darker
depending on the reactions right it may
happen that it become lighter and you
will see some ideas here more ideas
coming in and it may happen that the it
will become more darker and some
guidance evolve on there so it exists in
a temperature because temperature plays
a critical role in Lake Lanier thank you
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