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Organelles of Eukaryotic Cell Video Lecture | Biology for JAMB

Q: 4. How do mitochondria contribute to cellular energy production?

Ans. Mitochondria are often referred to as the 'powerhouses' of eukaryotic cells because they are responsible for generating energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration. Mitochondria have an inner membrane that contains electron transport chains, which transfer electrons and produce ATP. This energy is then utilized by the cell to carry out various metabolic activities and maintain cellular functions.

FAQs on Organelles of Eukaryotic Cell Video Lecture - Biology for JAMB

1. What are organelles in eukaryotic cells?

Ans. Organelles are specialized structures within eukaryotic cells that perform specific functions. They are often referred to as the "organs" of the cell and are enclosed by a lipid bilayer membrane. Examples of organelles include the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes.

2. How do organelles contribute to the overall function of eukaryotic cells?

Ans. Organelles play vital roles in maintaining the overall function and survival of eukaryotic cells. Each organelle performs specific functions, such as DNA storage and transcription (nucleus), energy production (mitochondria), protein synthesis (endoplasmic reticulum), protein modification and packaging (Golgi apparatus), and waste disposal (lysosomes). These specialized functions allow cells to carry out various biological processes efficiently.

3. What is the significance of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

Ans. The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that houses the genetic material (DNA) of eukaryotic cells. It is crucial for controlling cellular activities and maintaining genetic integrity. The nucleus regulates gene expression, directs cell division, and stores and transmits hereditary information. It also plays a role in the synthesis of RNA, which is essential for protein production.

4. How do mitochondria contribute to cellular energy production?

Ans. Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of eukaryotic cells because they are responsible for generating energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration. Mitochondria have an inner membrane that contains electron transport chains, which transfer electrons and produce ATP. This energy is then utilized by the cell to carry out various metabolic activities and maintain cellular functions.

5. What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis?

Ans. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an extensive network of membrane-bound tubules and sacs. It plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and modification. The rough ER is studded with ribosomes and is involved in the synthesis of proteins, which are then transported to other parts of the cell. The smooth ER, on the other hand, is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage. Overall, the ER is essential for the proper folding, processing, and transportation of proteins within the cell.

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	Biology for JAMB 221 videos\|172 docs\|126 tests

Biology for JAMB

221 videos|172 docs|126 tests

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