The seasonal wind pattern is primarily influenced by the shifting of regions of maximum heating, pressure, and wind belts, particularly affecting which weather phenomenon?

Monsoons, especially over Southeast Asia.

True or False: Land breezes occur when the land heats up faster than the sea, creating a pressure gradient from land to sea.

False. Land breezes occur at night when the land cools faster than the sea, creating a pressure gradient from land to sea.

Fill in the blank: The wind that blows from the valley upwards during the day in mountainous regions is known as ___ breeze.

Valley

Which local wind phenomenon occurs due to differences in heating and cooling of earth surfaces, often developing daily or annually?

Local winds.

True or False: Mountain winds are characterized by warm air descending into the valley during the night.

False. Mountain winds are characterized by cool air descending into the valley during the night.

Fill in the blank: The warm dry wind that occurs on the leeward side of mountain ranges is caused by the ___ effect.

Adiabatic

An airmass is defined as a large body of air having little horizontal variation in temperature and moisture. True or False?

True

Extra tropical cyclones typically occur in which latitudes?

Middle latitudes

Fill in the blank: The air masses classified as maritime tropical (mT) are characterized by ___ temperatures and ___ moisture.

Warm; high

What process describes the formation of fronts when two different air masses meet?

Frontogenesis

True or False: Occluded fronts occur when a warm air mass is fully lifted above the land surface.

True

Extra tropical cyclones form along the ___ front.

Polar front

True or False: Tropical cyclones can originate over land.

False. Tropical cyclones originate only over the seas.

The warm air in extra tropical cyclones glides over the cold air, leading to the formation of ___ clouds.

Stratiform clouds

Fill in the blank: The place where a tropical cyclone crosses the coast is called the ___ of the cyclone.

Landfall

What is the primary source of energy that intensifies a tropical cyclone?

The condensation process in cumulonimbus clouds surrounding the center of the storm.

True or False: The wind velocity in extra tropical cyclones is generally higher than in tropical cyclones.

False. The wind velocity in tropical cyclones is much higher and more destructive.

Fill in the blank: The diameter of the eye in a mature tropical cyclone can vary between ___ and ___ km.

150 and 250

What characterizes the eye of a mature tropical cyclone?

A region of calm with subsiding air surrounded by the eye wall, where there is strong spiraling ascent of air.

Tropical cyclones are known by different names in various regions. What are they called in the Indian Ocean?

Cyclones