What is the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature according to Boyle’s Law?

The volume is inversely proportional to the pressure (V ∝ 1/P).

What does Avogadro’s Law state about the number of molecules in equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure?

They contain the same number of molecules.

In the ideal gas equation PV = nRT, what is the value and unit of the universal gas constant R?

R = 8.31 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹.

According to Charles’ Law, how is the volume of a gas related to its absolute temperature at constant pressure?

The volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature (V ∝ T).

What does Gay-Lussac’s Law state about the relationship between pressure and temperature of a gas at constant volume?

The pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature (P ∝ T).

What is the volume occupied by one mole of any gas at STP (273 K and 1 atm)?

22.4 liters.

Why do real gases deviate from ideal gas behavior?

Due to intermolecular attractions and the finite volume of gas molecules.

According to Boyle’s Law, what happens to the pressure of a gas when its volume is doubled at constant temperature?

The pressure is halved.

True or False: Real gases follow the ideal gas law perfectly at all temperatures and pressures.

False; real gases deviate from the ideal gas law, especially at high pressures and low temperatures.

What is the Van der Waals’ equation for real gases?

(P − a/V²)(V − b) = RT