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 Clinical Microbiology (Infective Syndromes) 60 Flashcards |
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What is the most common agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs)? |
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Escherichia coli |
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Which symptom is characteristic of upper urinary tract infections? |
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Fever |
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Identify the bacteria associated with food poisoning that has a short incubation period of 1-6 hours. |
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Staphylococcus aureus |
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What type of diarrhea is primarily caused by Vibrio cholerae? |
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Watery diarrhea |
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Which organism is most commonly associated with pyogenic meningitis in individuals aged 2-20 years? |
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Neisseria meningitidis |
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What is the predominant cell type found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a patient with pyogenic meningitis? |
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Neutrophils |
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Which virus is the most common cause of aseptic meningitis? |
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Enteroviruses |
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In cases of enterotoxigenic E. coli, what symptom is primarily observed? |
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Watery diarrhea |
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Which pathogen is a common cause of osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell disease? |
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Salmonella |
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What are the common agents causing endocarditis in IV drug users? |
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Staphylococcus aureus |
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What defines a fever of unknown origin (FUO) according to the Petersdorf and Beeson classification? |
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Fever > 38.3°C for > 3 weeks with no diagnosis after 1 week of investigation |
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Which pathogen is a major cause of dysentery associated with food poisoning? |
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Shigella species |
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What is the most common cause of late prosthetic valve endocarditis? |
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Viridans streptococci |
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Identify a common parasitic cause of urinary tract infections. |
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Schistosoma haematobium |
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Which organism is associated with inflammatory diarrhea caused by poultry? |
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Campylobacter jejuni |
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What is the characteristic CSF glucose level in a patient with tuberculous meningitis? |
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Which Gram-negative bacillus is commonly involved in bacterial endocarditis? |
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HACEK group |
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What is the incubation period for Clostridium perfringens food poisoning? |
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8-16 hours |
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Which fungal organism is frequently implicated in urinary tract infections? |
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Candida albicans |
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In the context of acute diarrhea, what differentiates enterohemorrhagic E. coli from other types? |
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It causes bloody diarrhea |
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List one of the major clinical features of pyogenic meningitis. |
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Elevated total leukocyte count |
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Which infectious agent is most commonly linked to congenital syphilis? |
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Treponema pallidum |
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Name a common cause of aseptic meningitis in adults. |
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Herpes simplex virus |
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What is the primary mechanism of infection for the majority of urinary tract pathogens? |
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Ascending route |
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What is the predominant cell type in the CSF of a patient with viral meningitis? |
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Lymphocytes |
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Which disease is classified under Category A bioterrorism agents? |
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Anthrax |
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Identify a re-emerging infection that has been reported in India. |
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Dengue |
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What is the typical clinical manifestation of food poisoning caused by Clostridium botulinum? |
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Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea |
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What is the characteristic finding in the CSF of a patient with viral meningitis regarding total protein levels? |
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Normal or slightly elevated |
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Which of the following organisms is the most common causative agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans? A) Proteus mirabilis B) Staphylococcus saprophyticus C) Escherichia coli D) Klebsiella pneumoniae |
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C) Escherichia coli |
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