What role do micronutrients play in the body?

Micronutrients regulate bodily functions.

• Support immune health.

• Aid in energy production.

• Prevent chronic diseases.

Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for storing food as carbohydrates?

Roots, like carrots and beets, are modified to store food primarily in the form of carbohydrates.

Fill in the blank: The process of obtaining food and nutrients is referred to as ___.

Nutrition

True or False: Fats are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

False. Fats are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

What is the main function of carbohydrates in the human diet?

Carbohydrates serve as the primary energy source for the body, providing 4 kcal of energy per gram.

Riddle: I can be solid or liquid, I help absorb vitamins, and provide energy, what am I?

Fat

Describe the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds. 

They differ in their effects on heart health.

What are the two main types of food chains, and how do they differ?

Two food chain types exist.

• Grazing food chain uses green plants.

• Detritus food chain uses dead matter.

• Both highlight energy flow differences.

Fill in the blank: Vitamins A and D are examples of ___ vitamins, while Vitamin C is a ___ vitamin.

Fat-soluble; water-soluble

What is the importance of roughage in the diet?

Roughage aids in digestion, facilitates bowel movement, and helps prevent constipation by adding bulk to the diet.

True or False: A balanced diet includes only carbohydrates and proteins.

False. A balanced diet includes carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals in appropriate proportions.

List the three main types of carbohydrates and provide an example for each.

Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose), disaccharides (e.g., sucrose), and polysaccharides (e.g., starch).

How does the body utilize proteins?

Proteins are used for building and repairing tissues, creating hormones and enzymes, and transporting molecules like oxygen in the blood.

Riddle: I am found in milk, I help build strong bones, and I am often paired with phosphorus. What am I?

Calcium

What is the significance of water in the human body?

Water is essential for cellular reactions, transportation of nutrients, maintaining hydration, aiding digestion, and regulating body temperature.