Genetic counseling is primarily aimed at helping individuals understand the ___ of a hereditary disorder.

Consequences

True or False: Genetic counseling deals only with the medical aspects of a genetic disorder, ignoring ethical and religious considerations.

False. Genetic counseling also considers ethical and religious standards when discussing options with families.

What are the five main objectives of genetic counseling?

Genetic counseling has five main objectives.

• Understand diagnosis and management.

• Recognize hereditary risks involved.

• Explore options for risk management.

Genetic counseling helps families to appreciate the role of ___ in the occurrence of genetic disorders.

Heredity

True or False: The American Society of Human Genetics defines genetic counseling as a process focused solely on the medical facts of genetic disorders.

False. It defines genetic counseling as a communication process addressing the human problems associated with genetic disorder risks.

Fill in the blank: Genetic counseling includes helping families to make the best possible adjustment to the disorder in an affected family member and/or to the risk of ___ of that disorder.

Recurrence

Genetic counseling primarily aims to inform prospective parents about ___ and ___ regarding genetic disorders.

The nature of genetic disorders and the risk of having a genetically defective child

True or False: Genetic screening is typically performed on individuals to identify carriers of hereditary diseases.

False. Genetic screening applies to populations rather than to individuals.

After genetic screening, if both parents are heterozygous for a genetic disease, what procedure can help determine the probability of their child inheriting the disease?

Amniocentesis

Fill in the blanks: The most widespread application of genetic screening in the United States is for ___, screened by the ___ test.

Phenylketonuria; Guthrie

What is the purpose of antenatal diagnosis in the context of genetic counseling?

Antenatal diagnosis helps determine the genetic status of a fetus and can assist parents in making informed decisions regarding pregnancy.

True or False: Genetic counseling and antenatal diagnosis can completely eliminate deleterious alleles from a population.

False. Most genetic defects are recessive and can persist in the population through heterozygotes.

What are the main steps involved in embryo therapy?

Key steps in embryo therapy.

• In vitro fertilization process.

• Production of normal alleles.

• DNA introduction into cells.

Fill in the blanks: Patient therapy aims to introduce a normal gene into the ___ tissue affected by a genetic disease.

Critical

Eugenics was first introduced by Francis Galton in ___ year.

1883

The primary aim of eugenics is to improve a population by selecting only its ___ specimens for breeding.

Best

True or False: Eugenics advocates for the sterilization of individuals deemed genetically unfit, which is often seen as a violation of constitutional rights.

True

Positive eugenics aims to encourage individuals with desirable genes to ___ more children.

Bear

Fill in the blank: Genetic counseling is essential for informing individuals about ___ conditions and the risks of producing affected offspring.

Mutant

What is one of the measures suggested to encourage positive eugenics in society?

Encouraging early marriages among individuals with the best hereditary traits.