Blood is sometimes referred to as a fluid ___ because it contains various types of cells.

Tissue

What is the primary site of blood component production in the body?

Bone marrow

Blood transports chemical messages, allowing cells to alter their activity in response to ___ changes.

Environmental

List two waste products that blood helps remove from the body.

Carbon dioxide and other metabolic wastes (e.g., salts, toxins, dead cell debris)

True or False: Platelets play a crucial role in the immune response by directly attacking pathogens.

False. Platelets primarily function in blood clotting, not in direct immune responses.

What are the main components of blood when centrifuged?

Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Fill in the blank: Plasma is primarily composed of ___ and also contains proteins, salts, and other substances.

Water

How does hemoglobin in red blood cells affect the color of blood?

Hemoglobin binds to oxygen, changing color; oxygenated blood is bright red, while deoxygenated blood is dark red.

What is the significance of blood type compatibility in transfusions?

Incompatible blood types can cause fatal clotting reactions.

Fill in the blank: Blood contains antibodies that help fight off ___ and other invaders.

Pathogens

True or False: The liver and kidneys are responsible for breaking down and removing toxins from the blood.

True