Natural disasters are primarily caused by ___ processes.

Natural processes.

The key components of effective disaster management include preparedness, early warning systems, and ___ resilience.

Community resilience.

Fill in the blank: A disaster requires mobilization of efforts that exceed those normally provided by ___ emergency services.

Statutory.

What distinguishes a natural disaster from a natural hazard?

False. Natural disasters occur due to forces largely outside human control.

Natural hazards have the potential to cause harm to ___ or ___ or both.

People; property.

What is the significance of early warning systems in disaster management?

Early warning systems provide timely information that can help communities prepare for and respond to potential disasters, reducing their impact.

Fill in the blank: The occurrence of a disaster can lead to serious disruption of life and ___ including death and injury to a large number of people.

Property.

Describe the relationship between natural hazards and social systems.

Natural hazards can disrupt social systems by causing damage to infrastructure, displacing communities, and leading to loss of life and resources, thereby threatening societal stability.

Fill in the blank: The Yokohama Strategy prioritizes attention to developing countries, particularly the least developed, land-locked countries, and ___ developing states.

Small-island

Fill in the blank: The Yokohama Strategy promotes sub-regional, regional, and international cooperation with an emphasis on human and institutional capacity-building and ___ sharing.

Technology

Earthquakes are primarily caused by ___ in the Earth's crust.

Sudden energy release during tectonic movements

True or False: The Indian plate is moving towards the southwest.

False. The Indian plate is moving north and northeastward.

The most vulnerable states in India to earthquakes include Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and ___ .

Sikkim

What are the five earthquake zones classified by the National Institute of Disaster Management?

Very high damage risk zone, High damage risk zone, Moderate damage risk zone, Low damage risk zone, Very low damage risk zone.

Fill in the blank: Earthquakes become particularly calamitous when they strike areas with ___ population density.

High

True or False: Most of the areas considered safe from earthquakes are located on the Deccan plateau.

True

Explain the socio-environmental consequences of earthquakes in high-density areas.

They cause destruction of settlements, infrastructure, and developmental activities, leading to homelessness and additional economic pressure, especially in developing countries.

What is the next best option after recognizing that earthquakes cannot be prevented?

Emphasizing disaster preparedness and mitigation.

What are the key components of an effective earthquake monitoring strategy?

Establishing monitoring centers, using GPS technology for tectonic plate movement, preparing vulnerability maps, educating the public on disaster risk, modifying building designs, and enforcing earthquake-resistant construction standards.

True or False: High-rise buildings are encouraged in vulnerable earthquake zones to promote urban development.

False. High-rise buildings and large industrial establishments are discouraged in vulnerable areas to minimize risks.