What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes Nematodes from other worms?

Nematodes are unsegmented, elongated, and cylindrical in shape.

Which of the following nematodes is classified as viviparous? A) Ascaris lumbricoides B) Hookworm C) Trichinella D) Trichuris

C) Trichinella

What type of life cycle is exhibited by Strongyloides?

Strongyloides exhibits an ovoviviparous life cycle.

What is the predominant hookworm species in India?

Necator americanus

Which diagnostic technique is most sensitive for detecting Strongyloides larvae?

Agar Plate technique

Which of the following is a common symptom of acute filariasis? A) High grade fever B) Elephantiasis C) Hydrocele D) Chyluria

A) High grade fever

What is the primary mode of transmission for Trichinella spiralis?

Ingestion of raw or uncooked pork.

How does the life cycle of Enterobius vermicularis primarily differ from that of Ascaris lumbricoides?

Enterobius vermicularis has a direct life cycle with no intermediate hosts.

Which nematode is responsible for causing Guinea worm disease?

Dracunculus medinensis

Which test can be used to demonstrate microfilariae during daylight?

DEC provocation test

What significant role does the adult female Wuchereria bancrofti play in lymphatic filariasis?

It releases antigens that cause inflammatory responses.

In terms of public health significance, what does a Chandler's index above 300 indicate?

It indicates an important public health problem regarding hookworm infection.

What type of filarial worm is primarily transmitted by mosquito bites?

Lymphatic filarial worms.

Which of the following statements is true regarding larva migrans? A) It is caused by adult worms. B) It occurs in humans when lower animal nematodes infect them. C) It leads to complete life cycle development in humans. D) It primarily affects the central nervous system.

B) It occurs in humans when lower animal nematodes infect them.

What is the primary diagnostic method for Onchocerca volvulus?

Skin snips technique.

Which nematode's larvae can cause visceral larva migrans?

Toxocara canis.

Which chemical is used in larvicidal control of Cyclops to prevent Dracunculus medinensis infection?

Abate larvicide.

What clinical feature is associated with Brugia malayi infection?

Acute adenolymphangitis.

Which type of immune response is seen in chronic filariasis with microfilaria present but no clinical features?

Downregulation of Th1 and elevation of Th2 response.

What is the infective stage of Trichinella spiralis?

First stage (L1) larva.

In which region is Brugia malayi primarily transmitted by Mansonia mosquitoes?

Sub-Saharan Africa.

Which diagnostic method is most useful for visualizing live adult filarial worms?

Ultrasound of scrotum.

What is the main mode of transmission for Hookworm larvae?

Skin penetration by infective larvae.

What type of infection does the term 'hyperinfection syndrome' refer to?

Severe Strongyloides infection due to repeated autoinfection.

Which nematode is primarily responsible for cutaneous larva migrans?

Ancylostoma braziliense.

Which type of microscopy is employed to detect microfilariae in urine?

Urine microscopy for chylous urine.

Which nematode is known to cause river blindness?

Onchocerca volvulus.

What is the significance of a thick blood smear stained with Leishman/Giemsa in filariasis diagnosis?

It allows for the identification of microfilariae.

What is the characteristic feature of L3 larvae of Brugia malayi?

It is infective and transmitted through mosquito bites.

What is the primary treatment for Dracunculus medinensis infection?

Worm removal and symptomatic treatment.