What are the basic building blocks that make up all matter?

Constituent particles are the basic building blocks that make up all matter.

Fill in the blank: The particles in a solid are packed ___ together, giving it a definite shape.

Tightly

True or False: In liquids, particles are fixed in place and cannot move past each other.

False. In liquids, particles can move past each other, allowing them to flow.

What is the melting point of a solid?

The melting point is the minimum temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid under atmospheric pressure.

Describe the effect of temperature on particle movement in gases.

Temperature affects gas particle movement.

• Higher temperature boosts kinetic energy.

• Increased energy leads to faster movement.

• Particles spread out to occupy space.

Fill in the blank: The process in which a liquid turns into vapor at temperatures below its boiling point is called ___.

Evaporation

How does interparticle spacing differ between solids, liquids, and gases?

Interparticle spacing varies significantly.

• Solids have very small spacing.

• Liquids have moderate particle spacing.

• Gases have large interparticle spacing.

What happens to the interparticle forces of attraction when a solid melts?

When a solid melts, the interparticle forces of attraction weaken as the particles gain energy and begin to move more freely.

True or False: Dissolving sugar in water shows that the sugar particles separate and occupy the interparticle spaces of the water.

True.

What occurs during boiling that differentiates it from evaporation?

Boiling differs from evaporation.

• Boiling happens at a specific temperature.

• Vapor forms rapidly throughout the liquid.

• Evaporation occurs slowly at the surface.