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 Staphylococcus 60 Flashcards |
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Which of the following is a virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus? |
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Production of β-lactamase |
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What is the most common cause of native valve endocarditis in hospital-acquired cases? |
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Staphylococcus aureus |
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What test differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci? |
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Coagulase test (both slide and tube): Positive |
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Which agar medium is used for selective culture of Staphylococcus aureus? |
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Mannitol salt agar |
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What is the drug of choice for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)? |
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Vancomycin (15–20 mg/kg bd) |
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What percentage of healthy individuals are carriers of Staphylococcus aureus? |
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25–50% |
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Which strain of Staphylococcus aureus is associated with hospital outbreaks? |
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Phage type 80/81 |
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What is the primary mechanism of resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)? |
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Alterations of Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs) |
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Which organism is the most common cause of urinary tract infections in young sexually active females? |
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Staphylococcus saprophyticus |
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What type of infections is Staphylococcus aureus most commonly associated with? |
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Skin and soft tissue infections |
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Which test is used to detect the mecA gene in MRSA? |
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Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) |
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What is the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA)? |
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≥ 16 µg/ml |
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus? A) Non-motile B) Sporing C) Catalase positive D) Coagulase positive |
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B) Sporing |
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What type of endocarditis is commonly caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis? |
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Prosthetic valve endocarditis |
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Which organism is primarily recognized for its resistance to vancomycin? |
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Staphylococcus epidermidis |
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What is the role of Panton-Valentine (PV) toxin in CA-MRSA? |
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It contributes to their pathogenicity |
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What is the significance of a heat-stable thermonuclease test in identifying Staphylococcus aureus? |
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It yields a positive result |
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Which antibiotic is recommended for nasal carriers of MRSA? |
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Mupirocin 2% ointment |
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What is a common laboratory finding in direct smear microscopy of Staphylococcus aureus? |
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Gram-positive cocci arranged in clusters |
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Which selective media produces yellow colonies due to mannitol fermentation? |
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Mannitol salt agar |
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What is the most common cause of endocarditis in intravenous drug users? |
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Staphylococcus aureus (right-sided) |
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Which type of MRSA is typically more virulent and associated with community outbreaks? |
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Community Associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) |
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What method is most commonly used for typing Staphylococcus aureus? |
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Phage typing using the pattern method |
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What is the primary treatment for vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA)? |
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Linezolid |
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What is the distinguishing feature of Staphylococcus epidermidis compared to other coagulase-negative staphylococci? |
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It produces a polysaccharide glycocalyx facilitating biofilm formation |
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In which condition is Staphylococcus aureus a rare cause of sepsis? |
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Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome |
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What is the primary concern regarding drug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus? |
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Acquisition and development of resistance mechanisms against β-lactam antibiotics |
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What is the significance of gelatin liquefaction in biochemical identification of Staphylococcus aureus? |
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It yields a positive result |
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What is a common complication following the insertion of a valvular prosthesis due to Staphylococcus epidermidis? |
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Endocarditis |
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What is the most common cause of native valve endocarditis in hospital-acquired cases? |
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Staphylococcus aureus |
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