What is the primary physiological consequence of asphyxia?

Insufficient oxygen supply to blood and tissues, leading to potential death.

Which type of anoxia occurs when oxygen cannot enter the blood, such as in hanging?

Anoxic Anoxia.

What is the mechanism of death in hanging primarily attributed to?

Asphyxia, cerebral anoxia, vagal inhibition causing cardiac arrest, or spinal cord injury.

Which of the following gases inhibits cellular processes leading to asphyxia? A) Oxygen B) Nitrogen C) Carbon monoxide D) Helium

C) Carbon monoxide

How long can severe oxygen deprivation last before causing permanent damage to vital organs?

5 to 10 minutes.

What type of mechanical asphyxia occurs due to choking?

Impaction of foreign objects in the breathing passages.

Which type of asphyxia is characterized by normal blood oxygenation but failure in circulation?

Stagnant Anoxia.

During which type of hanging is the ligature knot located on the backside of the neck?

Typical Hanging.

What is a common autopsy finding in the lungs of asphyxia victims?

Congestion and swelling, with numerous Tardieu’s spots.

Which ligature mark characteristic is typical in antemortem hanging cases?

The mark is often depressed, pale, dry, and hard.

What physiological effect does a pressure of 15 kg applied to the neck have?

Blocks the trachea.

Which type of anoxia occurs due to cyanide poisoning, where cells cannot utilize oxygen?

Histotoxic Anoxia.

What is the appearance of the hyoid bone in most hanging cases?

Usually intact in 90-95% of cases.

Which of the following statements is true about the ligature mark in hanging cases? A) It is always continuous B) It appears on the left side of the neck C) It is typically found above the thyroid cartilage D) It can be absent in partial hanging

C) It is typically found above the thyroid cartilage

What type of fracture is most common in the hyoid bone during hanging?

Antero-posterior compression fracture.

What type of reaction occurs in the brain post-asphyxia that can be observed during an autopsy?

Congestion and scattered petechiae.

What does the presence of Tardieu’s spots in the lungs indicate?

Hemorrhagic spots due to asphyxia.

What external finding is commonly observed in the face of hanging victims?

Pallor and congestion.

Which of the following best describes 'periligature marks'? A) Found only in drowning B) Indicative of antemortem attempts to loosen the noose C) Always present after death D) Commonly seen in natural deaths

B) Indicative of antemortem attempts to loosen the noose

What is the typical appearance of blood in the heart of asphyxia victims during autopsy?

Dark fluid blood in the right side, while the left side is usually empty.

What anatomical feature is most prone to injury in cases of hanging?

Thyroid cartilage.

What is a common finding in the neck region during autopsy of a hanging victim?

Distended neck veins above the ligature.

Which type of asphyxia is characterized by the inhalation of harmful gases like hydrogen cyanide?

Histotoxic Asphyxia.

What is the significance of observing saliva dribbling in hanging cases?

Indicates antemortem hanging due to continued salivary secretion despite death.

What is the effect of prolonged suspension on the appearance of ligature marks?

Longer suspension periods generally result in more prominent marks.

Which factors can influence the visibility of ligature marks?

Tightness of the ligature, body weight, and intervening materials.

How does the body position affect the findings in a hanging case during postmortem examination?

Hypostasis typically presents a distinctive pattern in lower limbs, indicating suspension position.

What is the role of bloodless dissection in autopsy for hanging victims?

To ensure no internal findings are overlooked while keeping the dissection area clean.

Which type of anoxia occurs when oxygen cannot enter the blood due to tracheal obstruction?

Anoxic Anoxia

What type of mechanical asphyxia involves blocking the external openings for breathing?

Smothering or suffocation