What are the two types of endogenic forces that cause volcanic activity?

Diastrophic forces and sudden movements

Fill in the blank: A volcano is an opening in Earth’s crust through which hot ______ erupts from below.

Magma

True or False: Dormant volcanoes have erupted recently and are likely to erupt again.

False. Dormant volcanoes haven’t erupted recently but could become active anytime.

Riddle: I am a large depression formed when a volcano’s summit is blown away after repeated eruptions. What am I?

Caldera

What type of volcano is created by repeated eruptions that form a cone-shaped structure?

Conical volcano

Fill in the blank: The ______ is a chamber beneath the volcano that holds hot magma.

Magma chamber

Which gas is commonly released during volcanic eruptions and has the formula SO₂?

Sulphur dioxide

True or False: All active volcanoes are located near the center of tectonic plates.

False. Most active volcanoes are found near plate boundaries.

Riddle: I can be a fertile soil produced by solidified lava, and I help crops grow. What am I?

Volcanic soil

What is the main difference between a shield volcano and a conical volcano?

A shield volcano has a broad, gently sloping structure due to runny lava, while a conical volcano has steep slopes.

Fill in the blank: The ______ Belt, also known as the 'Ring of Fire,' hosts over 80% of active volcanoes.

Circum Pacific

Which type of volcanic landform is created by lava solidifying after flowing from the vent?

Volcanic shield

True or False: Extinct volcanoes are those that have erupted recently.

False. Extinct volcanoes have not erupted in recent geological time and are unlikely to erupt again.

Riddle: I am a small structure that solidifies near the crest of an anticlinal fold. What am I?

Phacolith

What term describes the solid rock fragments ejected during a volcanic eruption?

Pyroclasts

Fill in the blank: A ______ volcano erupts lava and rock fragments through cracks, spreading lava over a large area.

Fissure

True or False: Hot springs are formed when water near a magma chamber cools down.

False. Hot springs are formed when water near a magma chamber heats up and rises as steam.

What are the primary products of volcanic eruptions?

Lava, pyroclasts, and gases

Fill in the blank: The ______ is a circular depression at a volcano’s top formed by volcanic activity.

Crater

What type of volcano is formed by repeated eruptions creating a cone-shaped structure with steep slopes?

Conical Volcano (also called composite volcano)