From Tasting to Digesting Class 5 Notes EVS Chapter 3

Different Tastes

Here are different food items and their taste:

• Food items having sweet taste: Sugar, Kheer, Jalebi, Gulab Jamun, Apple, Banana, Jaggery etc.
• Food items having salty taste: Samosa, Dal, Chicken, Meat, Cooked Vegetables, Aalu Bhujia, Fried peanuts.
• Food items having sour taste: Citrus fruits, Tamarind (imli), Gooseberries, Cranberries, Grapes, Kiwi, Apples.
• Food items having bitter taste: Bitter gourd, Broccoli, Citrus peel, Cocoa, Coffee, Beer, Red wine.
• Food items having pungent taste: Chilies, Garlic, Ginger, Hot peppers and Onions etc.  

Closing Eyes and Identifying Food

• We can tell about various food items without seeing them. We identify different food items by just tasting them or smelling them.
• We taste the food item with the help of our tongue. Our tongue has a rough surface due to tiny bumps on it. These tiny bumps on the tongue are called taste buds and help us in tasting different food items.

How do we taste food?

• When we put a food item in our mouth, the saliva on our tongue mixes with the food item and after that reaches taste buds and we get to know the taste of the food item.
• If we wipe the front part of the tongue and make it dry and then put a food item on it, we will not able to get the taste of the food item because the taste does not reach the taste buds.

Different Parts of Tongue and Taste they Identify

• The front end of our tongue tastes sweet and salty food items.
• The side parts of our tongue identify the taste of sour food items.
• The back end of the tongue identifies the taste of bitter food items.

Chew it or Chew it Well: What’s the difference?

• Digestion is the process of the breakdown of food items to obtain energy from them.
• Chewing is a process in which food is broken down into smaller particles with help of our teeth.
• The smaller particles of food are easy to digest.
• After from breakdown of food into smaller particles, it is also mixed with saliva which breakdown some components of foods into simple ones.

How do we know we are hungry?

• When we have a strong urge to eat something, it means we are hungry.
• Also, if our stomach feels empty, it means we are hungry.
• If we do not eat food for 2 or 3 days, we feel tired and dizzy and may fall ill.

What do we have to do in case of water loss from our body?

• If we have loose motions and vomiting, we lose a sufficient amount of water and salts from our bodies.
• If this loss of water and salts is not made up, or body will dehydrate.
• We should use oral rehydration solutions (salt and sugar solution) to recover the loss of water and salts.
• If we are not able to eat something, a glucose drip is given to us. Glucose provides instant energy to the body without eating.

Good Food, Good Health

If we have to stay healthy, we need to have good healthy food. If we get inadequate food, it is not good for our health. Also, if overeat or eat junk food most of the time, it harms our health. Doctors suggest that children should be given a proper diet.

Proper food – every child’s right

The balanced food that has all the nutrients like proteins, vitamins and minerals in the proper amount is termed as proper food.