Gujarat: Climate | Gujarat State PSC (GPSC) Preparation: All subjects - GPSC (Gujarat) PDF Download

Climatic Diversity of Gujarat

Gujarat is renowned for its climatic diversity, with significant variations across different regions of the state. The key aspects of Gujarat's climate are summarized below:

Annual Rainfall and Seasonal Climate

• Gujarat experiences three main seasons throughout the year: winter, summer, and monsoon. The climatic conditions vary widely across the state, with coastal areas experiencing more moisture and central regions having a completely different climate. 
• The Rann of Kutch, for example, has an extreme climate with very hot summers and cold winters, while the coastal regions and the eastern belt enjoy pleasant weather with moderate rainfall during the monsoons.

Seasons of Gujarat

• Winter (November to February): During the winter months, Gujarat experiences mild and dry weather. Night temperatures average around 12°C, while daytime temperatures typically reach around 29°C.
• Summer (March to May): The summer season in Gujarat is marked by extremely hot and arid conditions. Daytime temperatures can soar up to 41°C, with night temperatures around 29°C. With the onset of the monsoons in mid-June, daytime temperatures drop to 35°C, and night temperatures fall to around 27°C, although humidity remains high.
• Monsoon (June to October): The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall to Gujarat, particularly affecting some areas with potential flooding. Due to its proximity to the Arabian Sea, the monsoon arrives early on the Gujarat coast.

Geography and Its Effect on Climate

• Gujarat, the westernmost state of India, occupies the northern boundary of the western coastline of the country. It is bordered by Pakistan and Rajasthan to the northwest and north, Madhya Pradesh to the east, and Maharashtra to the south. The Union Territories of Daman, Diu, Dadra, and Nagar Haveli are located to the south of Gujarat. The state is also bounded by the Arabian Sea to the west and southwest.
• The Saurashtra Peninsula, a hilly tract with low mountains ranging from 300-600 meters, is bordered by coastal plains, influencing the region's climate.