Q1: Define democracy and give an example of a non-democratic system.
View Answer 
Democracy is a form of government where rulers are elected by the people through free and fair elections. Example of a non-democratic system: Myanmar, where the military took control, denying citizens a say in governance.
Q2: Assertion: Zimbabwe under Robert Mugabe was not a true democracy.
Reason: The government suppressed dissent and ignored court judgments, violating democratic principles.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is correct but R is wrong.
(d) A is wrong but R is correct.
View Answer (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Assertion (A): Zimbabwe under Robert Mugabe was not a true democracy — True. Mugabe's rule was marked by electoral manipulation, political repression, and lack of free press.
Reason (R): The government suppressed dissent and ignored court judgments, violating democratic principles — True and explains why Zimbabwe was not a true democracy, as these actions directly undermined democratic norms like freedom of speech, rule of law, and fair elections.
Hence, R correctly explains A.
Q3: What is meant by ‘free and fair elections’ in a democracy?
View Answer Free and fair elections are conducted impartially, allowing all eligible citizens to vote and stand for office without coercion. Votes are counted accurately, and those in power have a fair chance of losing, ensuring genuine competition.
Q4: Which of the following is an argument against democracy?
a) It enhances the dignity of citizens
b) It improves decision-making quality
c) It leads to corruption due to electoral competition
d) It resolves conflicts peacefully
View Answer c) It leads to corruption due to electoral competition
Democracy has many advantages like enhancing citizen dignity, improving decision-making, and resolving conflicts peacefully.
However, one common criticism of democracy is that intense electoral competition can sometimes lead to corruption, vote-buying, and misuse of public resources.
The other options (a, b, d) are generally considered advantages of democracy, not arguments against it.
Q5: Why is popular approval alone not sufficient for a democracy?
View Answer Popular approval is not sufficient because a government can be elected but still act undemocratically by ignoring citizens’ rights, manipulating elections, or suppressing dissent, as seen in Zimbabwe under Robert Mugabe.
Q6: Explain the concept of ‘universal adult franchise.’
View Answer Universal adult franchise means all adult citizens have the right to vote without discrimination based on sex, race, caste, or class. Each person’s vote has equal value, ensuring fair representation in elections.
Q7: Assertion: In a democracy, each adult citizen has one vote with equal value.
Reason: Only members of the ruling party are allowed to vote.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is correct but R is wrong.
(d) A is wrong but R is correct.
View Answer c) A is correct but R is wrong.
Assertion (A): True — Every adult citizen has one vote of equal value in a democracy.
Reason (R): False — Voting rights are not limited to the ruling party; the reason does not explain the assertion.
Q8: What is the difference between nominal and ideal democracy?
View Answer Nominal democracy involves elected representatives but may lack essential democratic features like free media or civil liberties. Ideal democracy ensures all citizens have equal access to power, education, and resources, enabling full participation in decision-making.
Q9: Discuss the four key features of democracy with examples from the chapter.
View Answer
Q10: Which of the following is a key feature of democracy?
a) Rulers are appointed by the military
b) Final decision-making power rests with elected leaders
c) Only a single party can contest elections
d) Citizens have no right to vote
View Answer b) Final decision-making power rests with elected leaders
In a democracy, the key feature is that elected leaders hold the final decision-making power, ensuring that the government is accountable to the people. The other options represent undemocratic practices.
Q11: Explain why democracy is considered a better form of government, citing arguments from the chapter.
View Answer Democracy is considered better because:
Q12: Analyze the case of elections in China and Mexico to highlight the importance of free and fair elections in a democracy.
Case of elections in China and Mexico:
View Answer Q13: What does the term ‘Democracy’ mean?
a) Rule by the king
b) Rule by the people
c) Rule by the military
d) Rule by the clergy
View Answer b) Rule by the people
In a democracy, power resides with the people, allowing them to participate in decision-making. The other options represent forms of governance where authority is concentrated in a single entity or group, thus contradicting democratic principles.
Q14: Describe the role of citizens in a democracy and why their participation is crucial.
View Answer Citizens play a vital role in a democracy:
Q15: What is the significance of ‘one person, one vote, one value’ in a democracy?
a) Only certain groups can vote
b) Only elected leaders can vote
c) Votes are weighted based on wealth
d) Each adult citizen has an equal vote with equal value
View Answer d) Each adult citizen has an equal vote with equal value
The principle of ‘one person, one vote, one value’ ensures that every adult citizen's vote carries the same weight, promoting political equality. Options a, b, and c undermine this fundamental democratic principle.
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| 1. What is the definition of democracy? |  |
| 2. Why is democracy considered important in society? | |
| 3. What are the key features of a democratic government? | |
| 4. How does democracy empower citizens? | |
| 5. What challenges does democracy face today? | |
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