Improvement in Food Resources Class 9 Worksheet Science Chapter 12

Multiple Choice Questions

Q1. Which of the following is a Kharif crop?
(a) Wheat
(b) Mustard
(c) Soyabean
(d) Gram

Correct Answer is   Option (c)
Soyabean is a Kharif crop grown during the monsoon season.

Q2. What is the main objective of crop variety improvement?
(a) To increase water availability
(b) To make crops resistant to diseases
(c) To reduce the maturity duration
(d) All of the above

Correct Answer is   Option (d)
Crop variety improvement focuses on increasing yields, resistance to diseases, and reducing maturity duration.

Q3. Which farming practice involves growing two or more crops in definite row patterns?
(a) Mixed farming
(b) Intercropping
(c) Crop rotation
(d) Agroforestry

Correct Answer is   Option (b)
Intercropping is the practice of growing two or more crops in definite row patterns.

Q4. What is a major challenge in composite fish culture?
(a) Increased fish yield
(b) Availability of good-quality fish seed
(c) High water consumption
(d) Overfishing

Correct Answer is   Option (b)
The lack of availability of good-quality fish seed is a challenge in composite fish culture.

Q5. Which nutrient is supplied by air to plants?
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Phosphorus
(c) Carbon
(d) Potassium

Correct Answer is   Option (c)
Air supplies carbon and oxygen to plants.

Q6. What is the primary purpose of cross-breeding in cattle farming?
(a) To increase milk production
(b) To improve resistance to diseases
(c) To improve meat quality
(d) To improve lactation period

Correct Answer is   Option (a)
Cross-breeding improves milk production in cattle.

Q7. What is the process of composting?
(a) Growing plants to enrich the soil
(b) Decomposition of waste materials in pits
(c) Using fertilizers to improve soil quality
(d) The use of pesticides to protect crops

Correct Answer is   Option (b)
Composting is the process of decomposing waste materials in pits to produce organic matter for enriching soil.

Q8. Which type of manure is prepared by using earthworms?
(a) Green manure
(b) Compost
(c) Vermi-compost
(d) Bio-manure

Correct Answer is   Option (c)
Vermi-compost is made by using earthworms to hasten the decomposition process.

Q9. Which of the following is a method used to increase food production in India?
(a) Green Revolution
(b) White Revolution
(c) Both a and b
(d) None of the above

Correct Answer is   Option (c)
Both the Green and White Revolutions have helped increase food production in India.

Q10. What is the main aim of organic farming?
(a) To increase the use of chemical fertilizers
(b) To use minimal or no chemicals and maximum organic manures
(c) To focus on large-scale production
(d) To use genetically modified crops

Correct Answer is   Option (b)
Organic farming focuses on minimal chemical use and maximum organic manures.

Q11. Which of the following crops is an example of a Rabi crop?
(a) Pigeon pea
(b) Cotton
(c) Wheat
(d) Maize

Correct Answer is   Option (c)
Wheat is a Rabi crop grown during the winter season.

Q12. What is a key feature of composite fish culture?
(a) It involves only one species of fish
(b) It uses multiple species with different food habits
(c) It requires a high salt concentration
(d) It is only done in marine waters

Correct Answer is   Option (b)
Composite fish culture uses multiple species with different food habits to increase the yield.

Q13. What type of irrigation is most commonly used in India?
(a) Canal irrigation
(b) Rain-fed irrigation
(c) River irrigation
(d) Wells

Correct Answer is   Option (b)
Most agriculture in India is rain-fed, meaning dependent on rainfall.

Q14. What is the primary goal of nutrient management in crops?
(a) To increase the water supply
(b) To improve plant growth
(c) To enhance soil fertility
(d) Both b and c

Correct Answer is   Option (d)
Nutrient management focuses on improving both plant growth and soil fertility.

Q15. What is the role of bees in agriculture?
(a) Pollination
(b) Honey production
(c) Pest control
(d) All of the above

Correct Answer is   Option (d)
Bees play an important role in pollination, honey production, and pest control.

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Fill in the blanks

1. Matter is made up of small ______.

Correct Answer is   Particles

2. The forces of attraction between the particles are ______ in solids, ______ in liquids, and ______ in gases.

Correct Answer is   Maximum, intermediate, minimum

3. ______ is the change of gaseous state directly to solid state without going through liquid state.

Correct Answer is   Deposition or Desublimation

4. In intercropping, crops are grown in ______ patterns.

Correct Answer is   Definite row

5. The process of composting involves the decomposition of organic waste in ______.

Correct Answer is   Pits

6. ______ is the method of enriching soil by growing certain plants and then ploughing them into the soil.

Correct Answer is   Green manure

7. ______ is a popular marine fish caught off the Indian coastline.

Correct Answer is   Mackerel

8. Organic farming focuses on using minimal or no ______ and maximum organic manures.

Correct Answer is   Chemicals

9. The process of hybridization involves the crossing of ______ plants.

Correct Answer is   Genetically dissimilar

10. Fish farming in freshwater is known as ______.

Correct Answer is   Inland fisheries

11. ______ are essential nutrients required by plants in large quantities.

Correct Answer is   Macronutrients

12. Crop rotation involves the growing of different crops in a pre-planned ______.

Correct Answer is   Succession

13. ______ is the main source of protein from fish.

Correct Answer is   Fish meat

14. In cattle farming, animals used for milk production are called ______.

Correct Answer is   Milch animals

15. ______ is the management of livestock for the purpose of breeding, feeding, and disease control.

Correct Answer is   Animal husbandry

Very Short Answer Question

Q.1. What has green revolution led to?

Ans: Increased food grain production. 

Q.2. What has white revolution led to?

Ans: Increased production and more efficient management of milk.

Q.3. Name the two factors on which food security depends.

Ans: Availability of food and access to it

Q.4. What should we do for a sustained livelihood?

Ans: We should adopt practices like mixed farming, intercropping and integrated farming practices.

Q.5. Which food items primarily supply proteins?

Ans: Pulses like gram, peas, lentils, etc.

Q.6. Name any two fodder crops.

Ans: Berseem and Sudan grass

Q.7. What is the duration of kharif season?

Ans: From the month of June to October

Q.8. What is the duration of Rabi season?

Ans: From the month of November to April

Q.9. What is the name given to crops obtained by introducing a gene that provides the desired characteristic?

Ans: Genetically modified crops

Q.10. What is the main benefit of mixed cropping?

Ans: It reduces production risk and gives insurance against failure of all the crops.

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Short Answer Types Questions

Q.1. What are the hazards of using fertilizers?

Effects of using fertilizers:

• Effect on soil quality: continued use of fertilizers leads to a loss of organic matter, a deterioration of soil structure.
• Eutrophication: Excessive use of fertilizers build up nitrates on the soil.

Nitrates and phosphates are washed by rain and carried to lakes, ponds and rivers and causes excessive growth of plants of algae. Algae deplete the oxygen content of the water body.

Q.2. What are the main practices involved in keeping of animals or animal husbandry?

Main practices involved in animal husband day:

• Breeding – It is done to obtain animals with desired characters. Breeding can develop high milk yielding and high meat-yielding animals.
• Feeding – It deals with the study of proper food (called feed), mode and time of feeding of different animals.
• Weeding – It is elimination of uneconomical animals.
• Heeding – It means the proper care and management of animals.

Q.3. How do good animal husbandry practices benefit farmers?

Animal husbandry is the scientificmanagement of animal livestock. It includesvarious aspects such as feeding, breeding anddisease control.
As the population increases and asliving standards increase, the demand formilk, eggs and meat is also going up. Also,the growing awareness of the need for proper treatment of livestock has broughtin new limitations in livestock farming. Thus,livestock production also needs to beimproved. This improvement can be brought about by good animal husbandry practices like providing good food and preventing diseases in the cattles that will benefit farmers to obtain better quality and quantity products.

Q.4. What is hybridization?

Hybridization refers to the crossing between genetically dissimilar plants. In this method, the two crop verities are selected, each with at least one of desired characteristics such as high-yield or resistance to disease.

Q.5. For increasing production, what is common in poultry, fisheries and bee-keeping?

For increasing production, steps that are common in poultry, fisheriesand bee-keeping are as follows :

• Good varieties/breeds are used.
• Good nutritious food is provided.
• Hygienic conditions/cleanliness is taken care of

Q.6. How do biotic and abiotic factors affect crop production?

The biotic factors include living organisms like honey bees and earthworms who help in better crop production while pests(insects and rodents) and microbes that produce bad effect on crop production.

The abiotic factors are the climatic conditions and non living natural resources like soil, water and air. They also affect crop production since favourable conditions of temperature, humidity and mineral nutrition improve crop production.

Q.7. What factors may be responsiblefor losses of grains duringstorage?

Factors that may be responsiblefor losses of grains duringstorage are :

• Abiotic factors: Unfavourable conditions of humidity and temperature.
• Biotic factors: Insects, rodents, bacteria, fungi etc that feed on grains.

Q.8. Why should preventive measures and biological control methods bepreferred for protecting crops?

Prevention is better than cure so is true for plants also. Such preventions involve spraying of herbicides, weedicides, insecticides, pesticides, fungicides etc in the crop field.
Since their excessive use can harm the crop plants and cause pollution so proper seed bed preparation, timelysowing of crops, intercropping and croprotation are additionally applicable. Other than these biological control methods like use of resistant varieties is highly useful.

Q.9. What is pasturage and how is it related to honey production?

Pasturage refers to the flowers availableto the bees for nectar and pollen collection.The value or quality of honey depends upon the pasturage. Along with this the kind of flowers available will determine the taste of the honey.

Q.10. Differentiate between compost and vermicompost.

Compost: It is prepared by the process in which farm waste materials like livestock excreta, vegetable wastes, animal refuse, domestic waste, straw, eradicated weeds are decomposed and used as manure. 
Vermicompost: It is the compost prepared from organic matter using earthworms which hasten the process of decomposition.