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(a) Means of Transport

(b) Plant- Water Relations

(c) Long Distance Transport of Water

(d) Transpiration

(e) Uptake & transport of Mineral Nutrients

(f) Phloem Transport: Flow from Source to Sink

(f) General

(h) Previous Year Questions

(i) Summary and Mind Map

(j) NCERT Textbook and Solutions

(k) Tests of the Chapter: Transport in Plants

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1. What is transport in plants?
Ans. Transport in plants refers to the movement of water, minerals, and nutrients from one part of the plant to another. It is essential for the growth, development, and survival of plants. This process occurs through two main pathways: xylem and phloem. The xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves, while the phloem transports sugars and other organic molecules throughout the plant.
2. How does water move in plants?
Ans. Water moves in plants through a process called transpiration. Transpiration occurs when water vapor is lost from the leaves through small openings called stomata. This loss of water creates a negative pressure gradient, known as tension, which pulls water up from the roots. The cohesion and adhesion properties of water molecules also play a crucial role in allowing water to move upward against gravity in the xylem vessels.
3. What are the functions of xylem and phloem in plant transport?
Ans. The xylem and phloem are the two types of transport tissues in plants. The xylem primarily transports water, minerals, and some nutrients from the roots to the leaves. It also provides structural support to the plant. On the other hand, the phloem transports sugars, amino acids, hormones, and other organic molecules from the leaves to the rest of the plant. It plays a vital role in nutrient distribution and energy storage.
4. How do plants absorb minerals from the soil?
Ans. Plants absorb minerals from the soil through their roots. The root hairs, which are tiny projections on the surface of the roots, increase the surface area for absorption. The minerals dissolved in water enter the root hairs through osmosis and active transport. Once inside the root, they are transported through the xylem vessels to the rest of the plant. The concentration gradient and the selective uptake mechanism of the roots help in efficient mineral absorption.
5. What factors affect the rate of transpiration in plants?
Ans. Several factors influence the rate of transpiration in plants. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and light intensity can all affect transpiration. For example, higher temperatures and lower humidity increase the rate of transpiration. The presence of stomata and their opening and closing also regulate transpiration. Additionally, the size and surface area of leaves, as well as the plant's overall water availability, can impact transpiration rates.
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