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Page 1 Atoms and Molecules 01 03 05 02 04 ATOMS An atom is the defining structure of an element, which cannot be broken by any chemical means. Atoms are remarkably small, surpassing easy visualization. MOLECULES A molecule may be defined as the smallest particle of an element or a compound that is capable of independent existence and shows all the properties of that substance. CHEMICAL FORMULA The chemical formula of a compound serves as a symbolic representation of its composition. To write chemical formulas, it is essential to understand the symbols and combining capacities (valencies) of the elements involved. MASS CALCULATION The molecular mass of a substance is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule of that substance. It is expressed in atomic mass units (u). CHEMICAL LAWS 1. Law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. 2. The law of Constant Proportion states that in a chemical substance, the elements are always present in definite proportions by mass.Read More
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FAQs on Infographics: Atoms and Molecules - Science Class 9
| 1. What are atoms and how do they relate to molecules? |  |
Ans. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Molecules are formed when two or more atoms bond together chemically. The arrangement of atoms within a molecule determines its properties and behavior.
| 2. What is the difference between an element and a compound? | |
Ans. An element is a pure substance that consists of only one type of atom, such as oxygen (O) or gold (Au). A compound, on the other hand, is a substance formed when two or more different elements chemically combine in fixed proportions, such as water (H₂O), which consists of hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
| 3. How are atoms bonded together in a molecule? | |
Ans. Atoms in a molecule are bonded together through chemical bonds, which can be covalent or ionic. In covalent bonds, atoms share electrons, while in ionic bonds, one atom donates electrons to another, resulting in oppositely charged ions that attract each other.
| 4. What is the role of electrons in atoms and molecules? | |
Ans. Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. They play a crucial role in the formation of chemical bonds, as the arrangement of electrons in the outer shell determines how atoms interact with each other to form molecules.
| 5. Why is understanding atoms and molecules important in science? | |
Ans. Understanding atoms and molecules is fundamental to chemistry and helps explain the behavior of matter. It is essential for various scientific fields, including biology, physics, and environmental science, as it provides insights into reactions, properties of substances, and the interactions that govern the natural world.
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