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Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE PDF Download

Q. 132. What amount of heat will be generated in the circuit shown in Fig. 3.30 after the switch Sw is shifted from position 1 to position 2? 

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Solution. 132. The charge on the condensers in position 1 are as shown. Here

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

and  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Hence,  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEEIrodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

After the switch is thrown to position 2, the charges change as shown in (Fig-b).
A charge q0 has flown in the right loop through the two condensers and a charge q0 through the cell, Because of the symmetry of the problem there is no change in the energy stored in the condensers. Thus
H (Heat produced) = Energy delivered by the cell

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 133. What amount of heat will be generated in the circuit shown. in Fig. 3.31 after the switch Sw is shifted from position 1 to position 2? 

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Solution. 133. Initially, the charge on the right plate of^the capacitor, Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE and finally, when switched to the position, 2. charge on the same plate of capacitor ;

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

So,   Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Now, from eneigy conservation,

ΔU + Heat liberated = Acell where ΔU is the electrical energy.

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

as only the cell with e.m.f.  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE is responsible for redistribution of the charge. So,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Hence heat liberated  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 134. A system consists of two thin concentric metal shells of radii R1 and R2 with corresponding charges q1 and q2. Find the selfenergy values W1 and W2 of each shell, the interaction energy of the shells W12, and the total electric energy of the system. 

Solution. 134. Self energy of each shell is given by qφ/2 where φ is the potential of the shell, created only by the charge q, on it.

Hence, self energy of the shells 1 and 2 are :

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

The interaction energy between the charged shells equals charge q of one shell, multiplied by the potential φ, created by other shell, at the point of location of charge q.

So,  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Hence, total enegy of the system,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 135. A charge q is distributed uniformly over the volume of a ball of radius R. Assuming the permittivity to be equal to unity, find:
 (a) the electrostatic self-energy of the ball;
 (b) the ratio of the energy W1 s tored in the ball to the energy W2 pervading the surrounding space. 

Solution. 135. Electric fields inside and outside the sphere with the help of Gauss theorem :

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Sought self energy of the ball

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Hence,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 136. A point charge q = 3.0 μC is located at the centre of a spherical layer of uniform isotropic dielectric with permittivity ε = 3.0. The inside radius of the layer is equal to a = 250 mm, the outside radius is b = 500 mm. Find the electrostatic energy inside the dielectric layer. 

Solution. 136. (a) By the expression  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE , for a spherical layer.

To find the electrostatic energy inside the dielectric layer, we have to integrate the upper expression in the limit [a, b] Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 137. A spherical shell of radius R1 with uniform charge q is expanded to a radius R2. Find the work performed by the electric forces in this process.

Solution. 137. As the field is conservative total work done by the field force,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 138. A spherical shell of radius R1 with a uniform charge q has a point charge q0 at its centre. Find the work performed by the electric forces during the shell expansion from radius R1 to radius R2.

Solution. 138. Initially, energy of the system, Ui = W1 + W12 where, W1 is the self energy and W12 is the mutual energy.

So,  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

and on expansion, energy of the system,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Now, work done by the field force, A equals the decrement in the electrical energy,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Alternate : The work of electric forces is equal to the decrease in electric energy ot the system,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

In order to find the difference  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE we note that upon expansion of the shell, the electric field and hence the energy localized in it, changed only in the hatched spherical layer  consequently (Fig.).

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

where E1 and E2 are the field intensities (in the hatched region at a distance r from the centre of the system) before and after the expansion of the shell. By using Gauss’ theorem, we find

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

As a result of integration, we obtain

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 139. A spherical shell is uniformly charged with the surface derisity σ. Using the energy conservation law, find the magnitude of the electric force acting on a unit area of the shell. 

Solution. 139. Energy of the charged sphere of radius r, from the equation

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

If the radius of the shell changes by dr then work done is 

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Thus sought force per unit area,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 140. A point charge q is located at the centre O of a spherical uncharged conducting layer provided with a small orifice (Fig. 3.32). The inside and outside radii of the layer are equal to a and b respectively. What amount of work has to be performed to slowly transfer the charge q from the point O through the orifice and into infinity? 

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Solution. 140. Initially, there will be induced charges of magnitude - q and +q on the inner and outer surface of the spherical layer respectively. Hence, the total electrical energy of the system is the sum of self energies of spherical shells, having radii a and b, and their mutual energies including the point charge q.

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

or   Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Finally, charge q is at infinity hence, Uf = 0

Now, work done by the agent = increment in the energy

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 141. Each plate of a parallel-plate air capacitor has an area S. What amount of work has to be performed to slowly increase the distance between the plates from x1 to x2 if
 (a) the capacitance of the capacitor, which is equal to q, or
 (b) the voltage across the capacitor, which is equal to V, is kept constant in the process?

Solution. 141. (a) Sought work is equivalent to the work performed against the electric field created by one plate, holding at rest and to bring the other plate away. Therefore the required work,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

where  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE is the intensity of the field created by one plate at the location of other.

So,  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Alternate :  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE (as field is potential)

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

(b) When voltage is kept const., the force acing on each plate of capacitor will depend on the distance between the plates.

So, elementary work done by agent, in its displacement over a distance dx, relative to the other,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

But,  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Hence,  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Alternate : From energy Conservation,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

or  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

So  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 142. Inside a parallel-plate capacitor there is a plate parallel to the outer plates, whose thickness is equal to η = 0.60 of the gap width. When the plate is absent the capacitor capacitance equals c = 20 nF. First, the capacitor was connected in parallel to a constant voltage source producing V = 200 V, then it was disconnected from it, after which the plate was slowly removed from the gap. Find the work performed during the removal, if the plate is
 (a) made of metal; (b) made of glass.

Solution. 142. (a) When metal plate of thickness ηd is inserted inside the capacitor, capacitance of the system becomes  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Now, initially, charge on the capacitor,  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Finally, capacitance of the capacitor,  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

As the source is disconnected, charge on the plates will remain same during the process.

Now, from energy conservation,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

or, Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Hence   Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

(b) Initially, capacitance of the system is given by,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE this is the cap acitance of two capacitors in series)

So, charge on the plate, Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Capacitance of the capacitor, after the glass plate has been removed equals C

From energy conservation,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 143. A parallel-plate capacitor was lowered into water in a horizontal position, with water filling up the gap between the plates d = 1.0 mm wide. Then a constant voltage V = 500 V was applied to the capacitor. Find the water pressure increment in the gap. 

Solution. 143. When the capactior which is immersed in water is connected to a constant voltage source, it gets charged. Suppose σ0 is the free charge density on the condenser plates. Because water is a dielectric, bound charges also appear in it Let σ' be the surface density of bound charges. (Because of homogeneity of the medium and uniformity of the field when we ignore edge effects no volume density of bound charges exists.) The electric field due to free charges only  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE that due to bound charges is  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE and the total electric field is Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE Recalling that the sign of bound charges is opposite o f the free charges, we have 

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Because of the field that exists due to the free charges (not the total field; the field due to the bound charges must be excluded for this purpose as they only give rise to self energy effects), there is a force attracting the bound charges to the near by plates. This force is

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

The factor 1/2 needs an explanation. Normally the force on a test charge is qE in an electric field E. But if the chaige itself is produced by the electric filed then the force must be constructed bit by bit and is

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE
if  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE
Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

This factor of 1/2 is well known. For exaipple the energy of a dipole of moment  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE in an electric field  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE while the energy per unit volume o f a linear dielectric in an electric field is Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE the polarization vector (i.e. dipole moment per unit volume). Now the force per unit area manifests ifself as excess pressure of the liquid.

Noting that  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

We get  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Substitution, using ε = 81 for water, gives Δp = 7.17 k Pa = 0.07 atm.


Q. 144. A parallel-plate capacitor is located horizontally so that one of its plates is submerged into liquid while the other is over its surface (Fig. 3.33). The permittivity of the liquid is equal to ε, its density is equal to p. To what height will the level of the liquid in the capacitor rise after its plates get a charge of surface density σ? 

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Solution. 144. One way of doing this problem will be exactly as in the previous case so let us try an alternative method based on energy. Suppose the liquid rises by a distance h. Then let us calculate the extra energy of the liquid as a sum of polarization energy and the ordinary gravitiational energy. The latter is

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

If σ is the free charge surface density on the plate, the bound charge density is, from the previous problem,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

This is also the volume density of induced dipole moment i.e. Polarization. Then the energy is, as before

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

and the total polarization energy is 

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Then, total eneigy is  

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

The actual height to which the liquid rises is determined from the formula

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

This gives  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 145. A cylindrical layer of dielectric with permittivity ε is inserted into a cylindrical capacitor to fill up all the space between the electrodes. The mean radius of the electrodes equals R, the gap between them is equal to d, with d ≪ R. The constant voltage V is applied across the electrodes of the capacitor. Find the magnitude of the electric force pulling the dielectric into the capacitor. 

Solution. 145. We know that energy of a capacitor  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Hence, Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE    (1)

Now, since d << R, the capacitance of the given capacitor can be calculated by the formula of a parallel plate capacitor. Therefore, if the dielectric is introduced upto a depth x and the length of the capacitor is l, we have,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE     (2)

From (1) and (2), we get,

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE


Q. 146.  A capacitor consists of two stationary plates shaped as a semi-circle of radius R and a movable plate made of dielectric with permittivity a and capable of rotating about an axis O between the stationary plates (Fig. 3.34). The thickness of the movable plate is equal to d which is practically the separation between the stationary plates. A potential difference V is applied to the capacitor. Find the magnitude of the moment of forces relative to the axis O acting on the movable plate in the position shown in the figure. 

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Solution. 146. When the capacitor is kept at a constant potential difference V, the work performed by the moment of electrostatic forces between the plates when the inner moveable plate is rotated by an angle dφ equals the increase in the potential energy of the system. This comes about because when charges are made, charges flow from the battery to keep the potential constant and the amount of the work done by these charges is twice in magnitude and opposite in sign to the change in the energy of the capacitor Thus  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

Now the capacitor can be thought of as made up two parts (with and without the dielectric) in parallel.

Thus Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

as the area of a sector of angle  Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE Differentiation then gives

Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

The negative sign of Nz indicates that the moment of the force is acting clockwise (i.e. trying to suck in the dielectric).

The document Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 | I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE is a part of the JEE Course I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12.
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FAQs on Irodov Solutions: Electric Capacitance Energy of an Electric Field - 3 - I. E. Irodov Solutions for Physics Class 11 & Class 12 - JEE

1. What is the definition of electric capacitance?
Ans. Electric capacitance is the ability of a system to store electric charge. It is defined as the ratio of the magnitude of the electric charge stored on an object to the potential difference across the object.
2. How is the energy of an electric field related to capacitance?
Ans. The energy stored in an electric field is directly proportional to the capacitance of the system. The energy can be calculated using the formula E = (1/2)CV^2, where E is the energy, C is the capacitance, and V is the potential difference across the capacitor.
3. How can the electric field energy be calculated for a given capacitor?
Ans. The electric field energy can be calculated by using the formula E = (1/2)CV^2, where C is the capacitance of the capacitor and V is the potential difference across the capacitor. The value of C can be determined using the formula C = Q/V, where Q is the charge stored on the capacitor and V is the potential difference.
4. What factors affect the energy stored in an electric field?
Ans. The energy stored in an electric field depends on the capacitance of the system, which is determined by the geometry and material properties of the capacitors. It also depends on the potential difference across the capacitor, as the energy is directly proportional to the square of the voltage.
5. How is the energy of an electric field related to the work done in charging a capacitor?
Ans. The energy stored in an electric field is equal to the work done in charging a capacitor. When a capacitor is charged, work is done to move the charges against the electric field. This work is stored as potential energy in the electric field and is equal to the energy stored in the capacitor.
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