Class 8 Exam > Class 8 Notes > Long Answers - Synthetic Fibres and Plastics, Science, Class 8
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LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q. 1. Explain with the help of an activity that nylon thread is stronger than cotton, wool, silk and nylon.
Ans. Take an iron stand with a clamp. Take a cotton thread of about 60 cm length. Tie it to the clamp so that it hangs freely from it as shown in figure. At the free end suspend a pan so that weight can be placed in it. Add weight one by one till the thread breaks. Note the total weight required to break the thread. Repeat the same activity with threads of wool, silk and nylon. We observe that more weight is required to break the nylon thread in comparison to other threads. So we can say that nylon is much stronger than other threads.
Q. 2. Write the characteristics of synthetic fibres.
Ans. Characteristics of synthetic fibres:
(i) They dry up quickly.
(ii) They are durable.
(iii) They are cheap.
(iv) They are readily available.
(v) Synthetic fibres are easy to maintain.
(vi) They are strong and light.
(vii) Synthetic fibres soak less water.
(viii) They are not attacked by microorganisms.
Q. 3. Make a table to show various types of wastes, time taken to degenerate and their nature.
Ans.
Q. 4. Explain thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics with examples.
Ans. There are following two type of plastics:
(i) Thermoplastics (ii) Thermosetting plastics.
(i) Thermoplastics: The plastics which get deformed easily by heating and can be bent easily are known as thermoplastics. Polythene and PVC are the examples of some thermoplastics.
(ii) Thermosetting Plastics: The plastics which when moulded once cannot be softened again by heating are called thermosetting plastics. Bakelite and Melamine are two most common examples of thermosetting plastics. Bakelite is used in making electrical switches, handles of various utensils. Melamine is used for making floor tiles, kitchenware and fabrics which resist fire.
Fig. 3.5 Some articles made of plastics.
FAQs on Long Answers - Synthetic Fibres and Plastics, Science, Class 8
| 1. What are synthetic fibres and plastics? |  |
Ans.Synthetic fibres are man-made fibres that are produced by chemical processes. They are created by combining different chemicals to form long chains of polymers. Plastics, on the other hand, are a type of synthetic material that can be molded into various shapes and forms. They are also made from polymers, but they are typically produced using different processes and additives.
| 2. What are the advantages of using synthetic fibres and plastics? | |
Ans. There are several advantages of using synthetic fibres and plastics. Firstly, they are lightweight and durable, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. They also have high tensile strength, meaning they can withstand a lot of stress without breaking. Additionally, synthetic fibres and plastics are resistant to moisture, chemicals, and UV radiation. They are also easy to clean and maintain, making them a popular choice in many industries.
| 3. What are some commonly used synthetic fibres and plastics? | |
Ans. Some commonly used synthetic fibres include polyester, nylon, acrylic, and rayon. Polyester is widely used in clothing, upholstery, and packaging materials. Nylon is known for its strength and is used in products such as ropes, fishing nets, and parachutes. Acrylic is often used as a substitute for wool in clothing, while rayon is used in fabrics, sanitary products, and medical supplies. As for plastics, some common types include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polystyrene.
| 4. Are synthetic fibres and plastics harmful to the environment? | |
Ans. Yes, synthetic fibres and plastics can be harmful to the environment. They are non-biodegradable, meaning they do not break down naturally and can persist in the environment for hundreds of years. When synthetic fibres and plastics are disposed of improperly, they can end up in landfills or oceans, causing pollution and harm to wildlife. Additionally, the production of synthetic fibres and plastics often involves the use of fossil fuels and can contribute to air and water pollution.
| 5. Can synthetic fibres and plastics be recycled? | |
Ans. Yes, synthetic fibres and plastics can be recycled. However, the recycling process for each type of synthetic material may vary. Some synthetic fibres, such as polyester and nylon, can be mechanically recycled by melting them down and reforming them into new products. Other types of plastics, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), can be chemically recycled to break down the polymer chains and create new materials. It is important to properly separate and dispose of synthetic fibres and plastics to facilitate the recycling process and reduce their impact on the environment.
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