Class 11 Exam > Class 11 Notes > Subject-Wise Mind Maps for Class 11 (Science) > Mind Map: Digestion & Absorption (Old NCERT)
Mind Map: Digestion & Absorption (Old NCERT) | Subject-Wise Mind Maps for Class 11 (Science) PDF Download
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FAQs on Mind Map: Digestion & Absorption (Old NCERT) - Subject-Wise Mind Maps for Class 11 (Science)
| 1. What is the process of digestion and absorption? |  |
Ans. The process of digestion and absorption involves breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body. It starts in the mouth with chewing and the release of saliva, which contains enzymes that begin breaking down carbohydrates. The food then travels through the esophagus to the stomach, where it is further broken down by stomach acid and enzymes. From there, it moves into the small intestine, where enzymes from the pancreas and small intestine break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into their individual components. These nutrients are then absorbed through the walls of the small intestine and transported to the bloodstream, where they can be used by the body.
| 2. What are the main organs involved in digestion and absorption? | |
Ans. The main organs involved in digestion and absorption are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The mouth is responsible for chewing and mixing food with saliva. The esophagus transports food from the mouth to the stomach. The stomach secretes acid and enzymes to break down food further. The small intestine is where most of the digestion and absorption take place, with the help of enzymes from the pancreas and small intestine itself. The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining undigested food, forming feces.
| 3. How does the digestive system break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats? | |
Ans. Carbohydrates are broken down by enzymes called amylases, which are present in saliva and the pancreas. These enzymes break down complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars, such as glucose. Proteins are broken down by enzymes called proteases, which are present in the stomach and small intestine. These enzymes break down proteins into amino acids. Fats are broken down by enzymes called lipases, which are present in the small intestine. These enzymes break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
| 4. What happens to nutrients after they are absorbed by the body? | |
Ans. After nutrients are absorbed by the body, they are transported through the bloodstream to various cells and tissues. Glucose, for example, is used by cells as a source of energy. Amino acids are used to build proteins in the body, which are essential for growth and repair. Fatty acids and glycerol can be used for energy or stored as fat for later use. Vitamins and minerals are also absorbed and used by the body for various functions, such as maintaining a healthy immune system and promoting bone health.
| 5. What are some common digestive disorders that can affect the process of digestion and absorption? | |
Ans. Some common digestive disorders that can affect the process of digestion and absorption include gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). GERD occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and other symptoms. IBS is a chronic condition that affects the large intestine and can cause abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body reacts to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, leading to damage in the small intestine. IBD refers to a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and other symptoms.
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