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A r i d  o r  D e s e r t  L a n d f o r m s
I n t r o d u c t i o n
W i n d  E r o s i o n a l  L a n d f o r m s
W i n d  D e p o s i t i o n a l  L a n d f o r m s
W a t e r  E r o s i o n a l  L a n d f o r m s
W a t e r  D e p o s i t i o n a l  L a n d f o r m s
B i o l o g i c a l  L a n d f o r m s
C o n c l u s i o n
D e f i n i t i o n :  A r i d  o r  d e s e r t  l a n d f o r m s  r e f e r  t o
g e o g r a p h i c  f e a t u r e s  a n d  f o r m a t i o n s  t h a t  a r e
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c  o f  a r i d  o r  d e s e r t  r e g i o n s .
A r i d  r e g i o n s :  A r e a s  w i t h  a  s c a r c i t y  o f  w a t e r ,  o f t e n
c h a r a c t e r i z e d  b y  l o w  p r e c i p i t a t i o n  a n d  h i g h
e v a p o r a t i o n  r a t e s .
D e s e r t  r e g i o n s :  A r e a s  w i t h  e x t r e m e l y  l o w
p r e c i p i t a t i o n  l e v e l s ,  u s u a l l y  l e s s  t h a n  2 5 0  m m  p e r
y e a r .
D e f i n i t i o n :  L a n d f o r m s  f o r m e d  b y  t h e  d e p o s i t i o n  o f
w i n d - b l o w n  s e d i m e n t  i n  a r i d  o r  d e s e r t  r e g i o n s .
S a n d  D u n e s :  M o u n d s  o r  r i d g e s  o f  s a n d  f o r m e d  b y  t h e
w i n d ' s  a c t i o n .
B a r c h a n  D u n e s :  C r e s c e n t - s h a p e d  d u n e s  w i t h  c u r v e d
a r m s  f a c i n g  d o w n w i n d .
L o n g i t u d i n a l  D u n e s :  E l o n g a t e d  d u n e s  a l i g n e d  p a r a l l e l
t o  t h e  p r e v a i l i n g  w i n d  d i r e c t i o n .
S t a r  D u n e s :  C o m p l e x  d u n e s  w i t h  a r m s  r a d i a t i n g  i n
v a r i o u s  d i r e c t i o n s .
A r i d  o r  d e s e r t  l a n d f o r m s  a r e  d i v e r s e  a n d  s h a p e d  b y
v a r i o u s  e r o s i o n a l  a n d  d e p o s i t i o n a l  p r o c e s s e s ,  a s  w e l l
a s  b i o l o g i c a l  f a c t o r s .
U n d e r s t a n d i n g  t h e s e  l a n d f o r m s  i s  c r u c i a l  i n  s t u d y i n g
a n d  c o n s e r v i n g  d e s e r t  e n v i r o n m e n t s .
D e f i n i t i o n :  L a n d f o r m s  i n f l u e n c e d  b y  t h e  p r e s e n c e  o f
p l a n t s  a n d  o t h e r  b i o l o g i c a l  f a c t o r s  i n  a r i d  o r  d e s e r t
r e g i o n s .
G i b b e r :  A  d e s e r t  p a v e m e n t  f o r m e d  b y  t h e
c o n c e n t r a t i o n  o f  s m a l l ,  c l o s e l y  p a c k e d  s t o n e s  o n  t h e
s u r f a c e .
D e s e r t  V a r n i s h :  A  d a r k ,  o f t e n  s h i n y ,  c o a t i n g  o f
m a n g a n e s e  a n d  i r o n  o x i d e  m i n e r a l s  o n  r o c k  s u r f a c e s .
D e s e r t  P a v e m e n t :  A  l a y e r  o f  c l o s e l y  p a c k e d  p e b b l e s
a n d  s t o n e s  t h a t  c o v e r s  t h e  s u r f a c e  o f  t h e  d e s e r t
f l o o r .
D e f i n i t i o n :  L a n d f o r m s  f o r m e d  b y  t h e  d e p o s i t i o n  o f
w a t e r - b o r n e  s e d i m e n t  i n  a r i d  o r  d e s e r t  r e g i o n s .
A l l u v i a l  F a n :  A  f a n - s h a p e d  d e p o s i t  o f  s e d i m e n t
f o r m e d  b y  a  s t r e a m  w h e n  i t  a b r u p t l y  e x i t s  a  n a r r o w
c a n y o n  a n d  s p r e a d s  o u t  o n t o  a  f l a t  p l a i n .
P l a y a :  A  f l a t ,  d r i e d - u p  l a k e b e d  o r  s a l t  p a n  t h a t
t e m p o r a r i l y  f i l l s  w i t h  w a t e r  d u r i n g  r a r e  r a i n f a l l  e v e n t s .
D e f i n i t i o n :  L a n d f o r m s  s h a p e d  t h r o u g h  t h e  p r o c e s s  o f
w a t e r  e r o s i o n  i n  a r i d  o r  d e s e r t  r e g i o n s .
A r r o y o :  A  s t e e p - s i d e d  g u l l y  o r  c h a n n e l  c a r v e d  b y
o c c a s i o n a l ,  f a s t - f l o w i n g  d e s e r t  s t r e a m s .
P e d i m e n t :  A  g e n t l y  s l o p i n g ,  e r o s i o n - r e s i s t a n t  l a y e r
t h a t  e x t e n d s  f r o m  t h e  b a s e  o f  m o u n t a i n s  i n  a r i d
r e g i o n s .
D e f i n i t i o n :  L a n d f o r m s  s h a p e d  t h r o u g h  t h e  p r o c e s s  o f
w i n d  e r o s i o n  i n  a r i d  o r  d e s e r t  r e g i o n s .
Y a r d a n g :  E l o n g a t e d  r i d g e s  o f  h a r d ,  e r o d e d  r o c k
a l i g n e d  w i t h  t h e  p r e v a i l i n g  w i n d  d i r e c t i o n .
V e n t i f a c t :  R o c k s  t h a t  a r e  s h a p e d  a n d  p o l i s h e d  b y
w i n d - b l o w n  s a n d .
D e f l a t i o n  H o l l o w s :  D e p r e s s i o n s  f o r m e d  b y  w i n d
e r o s i o n ,  r e s u l t i n g  i n  t h e  r e m o v a l  o f  l o o s e ,  f i n e -
g r a i n e d  m a t e r i a l .
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